immune system

• the body's first line of defense against pathogens and other foreign invaders. it consists of lymphatic organs and tissues

  Immune system
• the primary site for the production and maturation of many types of immune cells, including blood cells (erythropoiesis)

  Bone marrow
• where does B lymphocytes mature

  Bone Marrow
• A body part that plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of T lymphocytes (T cells)

  THYMUS
• where the lymph is cleansed by the macrophages

  lymph nodes
• where the blood is cleansed of pathogens and debris

  spleen
• this body part plays a role in the immune response by acting as the first line of defense against pathogens entering the body through the mouth and nose.

  Tonsils
• a collection of lymphoid tissue located in the throat (pharynx)

  Tonsils
• A body part that contains lymphoid tissue, including lymphocytes, which are involved in immune surveillance and responses to pathogens.

  appendix
• may serve as a "safe house" for beneficial gut bacteria, allowing them to repopulate the intestines after infections or disruptions to the gut microbiome.

  appendix
• These defenses provide immediate, nonspecific protection against a wide range of potential threats, regardless of whether the body has encountered them before.

  innate immunity
• This immunity includes various physical, chemical, and cellular components that work together to detect, neutralize, and eliminate pathogens.

  innate immunity
• fever, dilation of blood vessels, macrophages and neutrophils. What are these?

  INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
• forms a pore on the surface of a bacterium, results to the entry of water and salts

  Complement system
• recognizing and eliminating pathogens, enhancing the inflammatory response, and facilitating the clearance of immune complexes and dead cells

  Complement system
• specialized lymphocytes that can recognize and eliminate cells that are infected with viruses, as well as cancerous or otherwise abnormal cells.

  natural killer cells
• can distinguish between self and non-self proteins

  natural killer cells
• Requires B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes

  Adaptive immunity
• Two types of adaptive immunity

  Humoral and Cell-mediated Immune Responses
• consists of antigen and antibodies

  adaptive immunity
• when an antigen binds to BCR, the cell divides to produce

  humoral response
• T cells and cellular response

  2 cell mediated response
• contain a version of the living virus or bacteria that has been weakened

  Live vaccine
• type of vaccine that provides immunity against diseases caused by bacterial toxins

  Toxoid vaccines
• made by inactivating, or killing, the germ during the process of making the vaccine

  Inactivated Vaccines
• only parts of the virus or bacteria instead of the entire stuff

  subunit vaccine