WOOD

• Wood is the hard substance under the bark of trees and shrubs
• Wood is the most common shop material in the Philippines
• Wood is obtained from trees of the class known to botanists as OXOGENS
• Trees grow larger by the addition of a layer of new wood in their outer surface each year as observed in its GROWTH RINGS
• Wood is an orthotropic and anisotropic material with properties varying along three mutually perpendicular axes: longitudinal, radial, and tangential
• Timber refers to freshly cut trees, raw logs, and large sizes of sawn logs usually more than 4 inches thick
• Lumber refers to wood that has been processed in the sawmill, e.g. planks, boards, scantlings, and strips
• Softwood is cheaper, has a faster growth rate, lower density, light in color, light in weight, and is poor fire resistant
• Hardwood is more expensive, has a slower growth rate, higher density, dark in color, heavy in weight, more fire resistant, and is strong in compression and tension
• Philippine Softwood Species include Benguet Pine, Mindoro Pine, Caribbean Pine, Lokinai, and Malakauayan
• Philippine Hardwood Species include Kamagong, Molave, Narra, Tanguile/Mahogany, and Yakal
• Coconut wood has properties similar to many hardwood timbers
• Plywood is a flat panel built up of sheets of veneer called plies, united under pressure by a bonding agent to create a panel with an adhesive bond between plies
• Hardboard is made by "exploding" wood chips into wood fibers and then forming them into panels under heat and pressure, also known as High-density fiberboard (HDF)
• Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) is made from mixing small fibrous bits of wood with resin and binding agents and then pressing them into panels of wood-like material
• Particleboard is a type of composition board made from wood chips bonded together under heat and pressure with an adhesive or other binder, also known as low-density fiberboard or chipboard
• Wood joints include Butt Joint, Mitered Butt Joint, Half Lap Joint, Cross Lap Joint, Mortise & Tenon, Bridle Joint, Dowel Joint, Biscuit Joint, Tongue & Groove, Dado Joint, Rabbet/Rebate, Box Joint, Dovetail Joint, Pocket hole Joint, and Cross Dowel Joint