year 10 cat 2

• the ways that physical geography can affect sports are-

  • rainy weather- floods pitches, makes it difficult to play football or rugby
  • windy weather-needed for sailing but can make it difficult to play golf
  • hills/mountains-needed for rock climbing and skiing but can be a problem for sports played on a flat pitch
• -Omar’s story

  Omar lives in the outskirts of Sialkot in pakistan where he has been working in a stitching centre scince he was 7 years old. He hand stitches footballs and earns around £2 per day.

  He is being exploited.This means that he is being treated unfairly for other people to gain.
• Why can people be exploited in places like Sialkot?

  • there is no minimum wage
  • there is a lack of laws against underage work and working without breaks
  • education is not free and compulsory
  • there is a lack of citizen rights
  • they don’t have a benefit system so need the income or will go hungry
• Why does having footballs made in pakistan help sports companies make a larger profit?

  • very poor pay to workers, so more money for the company
  • logan people need the jobs and money so will work long hours and make lots of footballs
  • there are no health and safety laws, this is cheaper for the company as the workplace can be in poor condition
  • no environmental laws which is cheaper for the company
  • children can get paid very little
  • companies charge high prices in MEDCs for a large profit
• Globalisation is the spread of ideas, goods, culture and money around the world.
• A transnational company (TNC) is also called a multinational company (MNC). It is a large business with factories and sales branches all over the world.

  The main headquarters and factory is located in a MEDC and smaller factories in LEDCs.
• globalisation has taken place because of developments in communication and technolgy, aeroplanes mean we can travel anywhere in the world within 24 hours and the internet means we can talk, shop and send money anywhere in the world at the press of a button.
• six developments allowing globalisation to occur are: globalisation of trade, globalisation of finance, globalisation of communication, globalisation of transport, globalisation of labour and globalisation of culture
• six developments allowing globalisation to occur are-

  planes

  cargo ships

  internet

  phones

  television

  e mail
• an medc is a more economically developed country.this means a richer country
• an ledc is a less economically developed country. this means a poor country
• positive impacts of globalisation for ledcs are-

  • money brought into the country
  • jobs created in factories
  • links are made with richer countries
• negative impacts of TNCs for LEDCs are-

  • pay is very low
  • people are exploited
  • children are sent to work rather than school
• positive impacts of TNCs for MEDCs are-

  • the price of goods in shops is decreased
  • communication with family abroad is easier
  • greater range of foods in diets
• negative impacts of TNCs for MEDCs-

  • factories are closed down
  • local companies lose their business to TNCs
  • fewer goods are made to be exploited
• the headquarters & main factory of a TNC are located in a MEDC with smaller factories in LEDCs
• the word exploit means treating someone unfairly for other people to gain
• sport is an activity involving physical excercise and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment
• three ways physical geography can impact sport are-

  • rainy weather- can flood pitches and make it difficult to play football and rugby
  • wind-sports like sailing and and surfing need wind for waves in the sea whereas sports like golf need calm winds so the ball isn’t steered in the wrong direction
  • hills- some sports like skiing or mountain biking need the slopes and for some sports like hockey the hills would be in the way
• the ways that human geography can affect sport are-

  wealth- money needs to be spent on training, kit, equipment and places to do the sport

  travel- often for competitions, travel is needed by bus or plane higher up

  stadiums-some sports need to have a special location to play eg. swimming, basketball
• some of the benefits of sport are-

  • entertainment
  • good for mental health
  • good for physical health
  • social
  • provide jobs
  • brings money into a country
• MEDCs win more medals in the olympics because—

  • theres more money for equipment
  • there is better healthcare
  • in poorer countries, lots of children don’t learn about sport
  • the poorer countries don’t have the same buildings
  • there isn’t money or good roads for travel to competitions
• factors which have influenced the process of globalisation are-

  • transportation
  • freedom of trade
  • improvement of communications
  • labour availability and skills
  • cultural factors
  • political factors