CHEM AMELIORATE

• What is the main topic of the final examination in General Chemistry 2?

  Naming chemical compounds
• What are the two main categories of chemical compound naming covered in the exam?

  1. Inorganic nomenclature
  2. Organic nomenclature
• What are binary ionic compounds made of?

  Metal cations and nonmetal anions
• What happens during the formation of ionic compounds?

  Atoms gain or lose electrons
• What is the rule for naming binary ionic compounds?

  Retain the first element's name, add "-ide"
• How would you name MgO?

  Magnesium oxide
• What is the chemical formula for lithium nitride?

  Li3N
• What is the criss-cross method used for?

  Writing chemical formulas of ionic compounds
• What does it mean if a subscript is 1 in a chemical formula?

  It is not included in the final formula
• How do you identify the chemical formula of an ionic compound?

  By using the charges of the ions
• What are monatomic ions?

  Single atoms with a charge
• What are polyatomic ions?

  Multiple atoms acting as a single ion
• How would you name Na2SO4?

  Sodium sulfate
• What prefixes are used in naming polyatomic ions?

  Hypo- and per-
• What does the prefix "hypo-" indicate?

  Lowest oxidation state
• What does the suffix "-ite" indicate in polyatomic ions?

  Low oxidation state
• How does the classical naming system differ from the stock naming system?

  Classical uses Latin roots; stock uses Roman numerals
• What is the classical name for Cu+?

  Cuprous ion
• What is the stock name for Fe3+?

  Iron (III) ion
• What are the rules for naming ionic compounds?

  1. Single Element Cation + Single Element Anion: Name + Root - "ide"
  2. Single Element Cation + Polyatomic Anion: Name + Polyatomic Ion Name
  3. Polyatomic Cation + Polyatomic Anion: First Polyatomic Ion Name + Second Polyatomic Ion Name
• What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

  HCl (aq)
• How do you name a binary acid?

  Hydro + base name + "ic" + acid
• What is an oxyacid?

  An acid with hydrogen, oxygen, and a nonmetal
• What suffix is added to the name of an oxyacid if it ends with -ate?

  Add "ic"
• What is the formula for acetic acid?

  CH3COOH
• What is the definition of hydrates?

  Compounds that absorb water molecules
• How would you name CaCl2 * 2H2O?

  Calcium chloride dihydrate
• What are the prefixes used in naming hydrates based on the number of water molecules?

  • 0.5: hemi-
  • 1: mono-
  • 1.5: sesqui-
  • 2: di-
  • 3: tri-
  • 4: tetra-
  • 5: penta-
  • 6: hexa-
  • 7: hepta-
  • 8: octa-
  • 9: nona-
  • 10: deca-
• What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

  H2SO4
• What are covalent compounds formed from?

  Mutual attraction of atoms for shared electrons
• What suffix do covalent compounds have for the second nonmetal?

  -ide
• How would you name SO2?

  Sulfur dioxide
• What is the significance of the year 1828 in organic chemistry?

  Friedrich Wohler synthesized urea
• What are the general characteristics of organic molecules?

  • Contain carbon
  • Often have hydrogen
  • Can form long chains or rings
  • Exhibit isomerism
• What are the types of hydrocarbons?

  1. Alkanes
  2. Alkenes
  3. Alkynes
  4. Cyclo hydrocarbons
  5. Aromatic hydrocarbons
• What are the main organic functional groups?

  1. Alcohols
  2. Ethers
  3. Aldehydes
  4. Ketones
  5. Carboxylic acids
  6. Esters
  7. Amines
  8. Amides
• What is the formula for Sodium Acetate Hemihydrate?

  NaC2H3O2 * 3H2O
• What is the formula for Cobalt (II) Chloride Trihydrate?

  CoCl2 * 6H2O
• What is the formula for Ammonium Oxalate Monohydrate?

  (NH4)2 C2O4 * H2O
• What defines covalent compounds?

  Mutual attraction of atoms for shared electrons