Module 2 - Foundation of Principles
Cards (81)
- It refers to the specific principles or rules that people use to decide what is right or wrong.
- It refers to what the group, firm, or strategic business unit defines as right or wrong actions pertaining to its business operations and the objective of profits, etc.
- Who is the father of free market capitalism?
- a capitalist system that focuses on the unfettered exchange of goods and services, with little or no interference by government
- It is associated with values that can be quantified by monetary means; thus, according to this theory, if an act produces more value that its effort, then it should be acceptable as ethical.
- It refers to the efforts to account for all objects in nature and experience and assign to such representations a higher order of existence.
- It is the view that an external world is independent of our perception of it.
- It is the type of philosophy that stipulates that acts are morally right or acceptable if they produce some desired result, such as realization of self-interest or utility.
- it defines what is right or acceptable actions as those that maximize a particular person's self-interest as defined by an individual.
- Defines right or acceptable actions as those that maximize total utility, or the greatest good for the greatest number of people
- Focuses on the preservation of individual rights and on the intentions associated with a particular behavior rather than on its consequences.
- Evaluates ethicalness subjectively on the basis of individual and group experiences.
- Assumes that what is moral in a given situation is not only what conventional morality requires but also what the mature person with a "good" moral character would deem appropriate.
- Evaluates ethicalness on the basis of fairness: distributive, procedural, and interactional.
- They believe that only one thing is intrinsically good.
- Defines right or acceptable behavior as that which maximize personal pleasure.
- Those who believe that more pleasure is better.
- Those who believe that it is possible to get too much of a good thing.
- Often referred as non-hedonist, take the opposite position that no one thing is intrinsically good.
- These goodness theories typically focus on the end result of actions and the goodness or happiness created by them, whereas obligation theories emphasize the means and motivates by which actions are justified.
- Came from a Greek word for end or purpose
- It refers to moral philosophies which an act is considered morally right or acceptable if it produces some desired result such as pleasure, knowledge, career growth, utility, wealth or fame
- These philosophies assess the moral worth of a behaviour by looking at its consequences
- These type of egoist take a long-range perspective and allow for the well-being of others although their own self-interest remains paramount.
- Helping the turtle cross the street because, if killed, it will cause the person to feel distressed. This situation is an example of the philosophy of a ________?
- This type of philosophy is concerned with the consequences but they believe that they should make decisions that would benefit the most number of people.
- A ____ decision maker calculates the utility of the consequence of all possible alternatives and then selects the one that results in the greatest benefit.
- These ____ utilitarians determine behavior on the basis of principles, or rules, designed to promote the greatest utility rather than on an examination of each particular situation.
- these ____ utilitarian examine a specific action itself, rather than the general rules governing it, to assess whether it will result in the greatest utility.
- Came from the greek word "ethics"
- It refers to the moral philosophies that focus on the rights of individuals and on the intentions associated with a particular behavior rather than its consequences. Often referred as non consequentialism