immune system and response

Subdecks (4)

Cards (50)

  • When an antigen is detected, the immune response undergoes four main stages:
    1. phagocytosis of pathogen
    2. activation of T lymphocytes
    3. activation of B lymphocytes
    4. production of antibodies by plasma cells
    • Cellular immune response – includes phagocytosis and T-cell response
    • Humoral immune response – includes B-cells and the antibodies they produce
  • antigens are foreign proteins present on the cell surface membrane that stimulate an immune response
  • antigenic variability is when antigens mutate so their dna sequence changes so the immune system wont be able to detect newly mutated antigen - this is why some flue virus vaccines are updated every year
  • 2 types of lymphocytes or white bloody cells:
    • B cells = mature in bone marrow involved in humoral response
    • T cells = mature in thymus gland involved in cell mediated response
  • Describe how bacteria divide:
    1. Binary fission
    2. Replication of (circular) DNA
    3. Division of cytoplasm to produce 2 daughter cells
    4. Each with single copy of (circular) DNA;