Introduction to ICT

• Information and Communication Technology

  • refers to technologies that are used to support the processing, storing, securing, and transmitting of information
  • deals with the use of different communication tools such as telephone, mobile phones, internet, etc. to locate, save, send, and edit information.
• What are the components of ICT?

  • People
  • Hardware
  • Software
• People


  individuals responsible for the development, improvement, and maintenance of an ICT system
• Hardware


  technical term used to describe physical or tangible parts of a computer system
• Software


  generic term for computer programs and applications installed in your hardware
• Features of Web 2.0:

  • Folksonomy
  • Rich user experience
  • User participation
  • Mass participation
  • Long Tail
  • Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Real-time:

  • Events and information are made available to users as they take place
• Everywhere:

  • Internet can be accessed by users in all places
• Machine learning:

  • Computers and mobile devices can create data and make decisions based on the user’s previous actions
• Data


  raw facts or figures that can be processed, stored, and transmitted by an ICT system
• Information


  result of processed, organized, and structured date
• World Wide Web


  commonly referred to as WWW, W3, or web is an interconnected system of public web pages accessible through the internet, invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989
• Web 1.0

  • first generation of websites that was marked as read-only web
  • HTML and CSS (Cascading Style Sheet) for styling are the tools used in web 1.0
• Static Web Pages

  • characterized by fixed content
  • all elements are hard-coded and embedded in the web page
• Web 2.0

  • referred to as Writable Web and Social Web
  • transformed from static to dynamic webpages in websites
• Dynamic Web Pages

  • known for being changeable
  • interactive
  • can be manipulated by the user
• Features of Web 2.0

  • Folksonomy
  • Rich user experience
  • User participation
  • Mass participation
  • Software as a Service (Saas) - for disabled people like blind
• Web 3.0

  Everywhere

  • internet can be accessed by users in all places
• Web 3.0

  Real-Time

  • Events and Information are made available to users as they take place
• Web 3.0

  Machine learning

  • Computers and mobile devices can create date and make decisions based on the user's previous actions
• Tends in ICT

  • Technological Convergence
  • Social Media
  • Mobile Media
  • Assistive Media (same as Saas)
• Technological Convergence


  or simply converge technologies refer to the state in which two or more technology entities and functions are combined into one device or system
• Social Media


  is a collection of internet-based communication tools and computer-assisted channels dedicated to allow users collaborate, communicate and share information or content in a virtual community and network
• What are the types of Social Media

  • Social Networks
  • Bookmarking Sites
  • Social News
  • Media Sharing
  • Microblogging
  • Blogs and Forums
• Social Networking Sites 


  provide users with a real-time conversation via test messages, audio, or video chat
• Bookmarking Sites 


  platforms for people who are searching for information or ideas that will help them on a project they are working on
• Key terms in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) include:

  • Folksonomy
  • Rich user experience
  • User participation
  • Mass participation
  • Long Tail
  • Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Real-time:

  • Events and information are made available to users as they take place
• Everywhere:

  • Internet can be accessed by users in all places
• Machine learning:

  • Computers and mobile devices can create data and make decisions based on the user’s previous actions
• Social News


  sites that allow users to post their own news articles or links to other news sources and comment to the post or vote on the news articles of the website
• Media-Sharing Sites 


  primary purpose is to share multimedia contents like photographs, audio files, or video
• Micro-blogging


  sites that focus on short updates from the user wherein subscribers of this user will be able to receive there updates
• Blogs and Forums


  websites that allow users to post their content where users are able to comment to the said topic
• What is Mobile Media?


  refers to communication devices that are characterized by portability or their ability to be moved or carried easily
• Mobile devices use different operating systems:

  • iOs - used in Apple devices like iPhone or iPad
  • Andriod - open sources operating system developed by Google
  • Blackberry OS - used in Blackberry devices
  • Symbian - an original smartphones OS used for Nokia devices
  • WebOS - used for smartphones but now used for smart TVs
  • Windows Mobile - developed by Microsoft for smartphones and pocket PCs
• Assistive Media


  electronic devices or programs that seek to reach out to PWDs by providing the support that will increase or improve their functional capabilities through the use of technology
• Examples of Assistive Media

  • Mobility impairments - Wheelchairs, transfer devices, walkers, prosthesis
  • Visual impairments - Screen readers, braille and braille embossers, desktop video magnifier, screen magnification software, large-print and tactile keyboards
• Hearing impairments


  Hearing aids, assistive listening devices, amplified telephone equipment
• This media is designed to help people who have visual and hearing impairments

  Assistive Media