Animals’ Specialized Structures

• The study of animal and plant tissues is called Histology
• A simple epithelium is made up of a single layer of cells.
• A stratified epithelium has more than one layer of cells.
• Simple Squamous Epithelium

  Consists of a single layer of flattened cells
• Simple Squamous Epithelium

  They are found in the alveoli of the lungs where gas exchange takes place, and in capillaries where diffusion and osmosis takes place.
• Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Is a single layer of cube-shaped cells
• Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Can perform more complex functions such as absorption and secretion
• Simple Columnar Epithelium Is a single layer of elongated cells
• Simple Columnar Epithelium Is ideal for absorption and secretion as it contains large cytoplasmic volumes with enough organelles and energy reserves to engagea in complex activities.
• Goblet cells are specialized columnar cells found in the lining of a stomach and small intestines responsible for mucus secretion.
• Ciliated simple columnar epithelia are found in the small bronchioles of the respiratory tract for mucus movement., and in the fallopian tubes of the females reproductive tract for the reproductive cell movement
• Pseudostratified Epithelial

  As the name implies, is the “falsely stratified” epithelium.
• Connective tissues develop in mesenchyme, a loose and fluid type of embryonic tissue, situated in any which way and can move from place to place.
• Areolar Connective Tissue – is the type of tissue which connects and surrounds different organs in the human body.
• Adipose Connective Tissue – otherwise known as body fat, is a connective tissue that extends throughout your body.
• Tendon –  is a fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
• Ligaments – are made out of connective tissue that has a lot of strong collagen fibers in it.
• White Fibrous Tissue – is mainly found in ligaments and tendons but also in the covering of bones and cartilage tissue.
• Compact bone tissue – Consists of osteons that are aligned parallel to the long axis of the bone, and the Haversian canal that contains the bone's blood vessels and nerve fibers.
• Spongy (cancellous) bone – is lighter and less dense than compact bone.
• Hyaline cartilage – is a type of cartilage that characteristically has a shiny, white, semi-transparent appearance with a slightly blueish tinge.
• Fibrocartilage – is a cross between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue.
• Elastic cartilage is a structural cartilaginous tissue for non-load-bearing body parts, such as ears, nose, and epiglottis
• Blood – is considered a specialized connective tissue as it connects all systems of the body and transports oxygen, nutrients, and wastes.
• Muscle tissue is composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts.
• Muscle tissue can be categorized into skeletal muscle tissue, smooth muscle tissue, and cardiac muscle tissue.
• Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities.
• The cells in nervous tissue that generate and conduct impulses are called neurons or nerve cells.