REPRODUCTION - PLANTS -

• the male gamete is the pollen grain
• pollination is when the pollen lands on the stigma
• pollination occurs when the stigma receives pollen from another flower
• seed dispersal is how seeds are spread around by wind or animals
• a seed contains food, water and oxygen stored inside it so that the embryo can grow into a new plant
• germination is when the seed starts growing into a new plant
• water dispersal is when seeds sink to the bottom of water bodies and grow there
• in germination, the shoot grows upwards towards light
• wind dispersal is when seeds float away with the wind and land somewhere else
• when the roots reach the soil they start absorbing water and minerals
• in germination, the root grows downwards to get access to water and nutrients
• animal dispersal is when an animal eats fruit containing seeds, which then passes through their digestive system and out as faeces
• seeds have a protective coat to protect them until they germinate
• seed dispersal is how seeds are spread around
• stamens have anthers which contain pollen grains