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Chemistry
pH, acids and alkalis
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Created by
Viktoria Rozycka
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Cards (10)
Blue litmus paper
- test for
acids
(turns
red
)
Red litmus paper
- test for
alkalis
(turns
blue
)
pH
is a measure of the
concentration
of
hydrogen ions
in a solution
Universal
Indicator
(
paper
/
liquid
) turns
blue
with
alkali
,
red
with
acid
and
green
with
neutral
An alkali is a soluble hydroxide, releases OH-(aq) (
hydroxide
) ions into solution when added to water e.g.
sodium hydroxide
A
base
includes alkalis, can neutralize an acid. Metal oxides and metal hydroxides are bases e.g. iron oxide,
copper
hydroxide
An acid releases H+(aq) (
hydrogen
)
ions
into solution when added to water
When an acid is
neutralized
it makes a compound called a
salt
Salts:
Hydrochloric
acid -> metal chloride
Nitric
acid -> metal nitrate
Sulfuric
acid -> metal sulfate
General equations showing how acids can be neutralised
Acid + base ->
salt
+
water
Acid + alkali ->
salt
+
water
Acid +
metal
->
salt
+ hydrogen
Acid + metal carbonate ->
salt
+
water
+ carbon dioxide