Topic 1(Atom structure and the periodic table)

• what did james Chadwick discover?

  the neutron
• what is the benefit of using crystalisation rather than evaporation as a separation technique?

  excess heat in Evapouaion can sometimes cause the crystals to break down by thermal decomposition
• Properties of group 0 elements?

  all gas at room temp

  boiling points increase down the group

  inert
• what is a solution?

  a mixture that contains a solute dissolved in a solvent
• what is an element?

  a substance made of one type of atom. All atoms have the same number of protons
• what does a mass number tell you?


  the amount of protons ad neutrons
• what are isotopes?

  Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
• what colour flame do: lithium, strongtium, potassium, barium, calcium, sodium and copper produce?

  Lithium: Red/pink Strontium: Red Potassium: Lilac Barium: Orange Calcium: Orange Sodium: Yellowy orange Copper: Blue/green
• magnesium loses electrons to become an ion. complete the equation __ ->Mg2+ + _e-

  Mg ->Mg2+ + 2e-
• Nobel gases are inert. what does inert mean?

  unreactive
• how does an atom become an ion?

  by losing or gaining one or more electrons
• What is an atom?

  Te smallest existing part of an element
• Can different isotopes of the same element have different physical properties?

  Yes.
• why do different isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties?

  Chemical properties depend on electronic structure
• what are the properties of group 7 elements?

  boiling points increase down the group

  very reactive

  have 7 electrons in outer shell

  reactivity decreases down the group