BASIC CONCEPT OF DISASTER AND DISASTER RISK

• Disaster risk factors are classified according to level and scope of impact
• Acceptable Risk - Used in determining ways to reduce possible harm; Tolerated since it has been analyzed to not cause damage
• Residual Risk - Disaster risk that remains after efforts of disaster risk reduction; Indicator of continuing needs for development
• National Disaster Risk - Intensive and extensive disaster risk that can create a potential nationwide impact either in one event or cumulative
• Extensive Disaster Risk - Disaster risk that is linked to low severity, high-frequency events that often occur in localized areas
• Intensive Disaster Risk - Linked to high severity, mid to high frequency events that often occur in localized areas
• Cascading Disaster Effects - Hazard interactions amplify the severity of disaster impacts due to the compounding effects they bring
• Impacts of Disaster: Primary Effect, Secondary Effect, and Tertiary Effect
• Primary Effects are direct effects manifested from the disaster event itself
• Secondary effects involve biophysical and ecological processes and systems
• Tertiary effects may be caused by multiple primary and secondary effects; Takes a longer time to manifest
• Physical Perspective - Visible and tangible materials affected by disasters
• Psychological Perspective - Focuses on people's mental health in response to disaster impacts
• Socio-cultural Perspective - Highlights how people respond collectively to disasters based on their perceptions
• Economic Perspective - Investigates the communities' economic activities and their disruption
• Political Perspective -Targets how the government services are utilized to reduce disaster risk and disaster losses
• Biological Perspective - Recognizes the possibility of disaster outbreaks after an occurrence of a disaster