kidney

• • The kidneys are located in the back of the abdomen and have two important functions in the body:

  1. They regulate the water content of the blood (vital for maintaining blood pressure) (osmoregulation)
  2. They filter and excrete the toxic waste products of metabolism (such as urea) and substances in excess of requirements (such as salts) (excretion)
• label

  A) urea

  B) ammonia

  C) excess

  D) salt

  E) ions

  F) excess water

  G) excess hormones

  H) kidney

  
• • kidney joined to bladder by 2 tubes called ureters
  • Another tube, urethra, carries urine frm bladder to outside the body
  • Each kidney is also connected to:

  1. renal artery from aorta to kidney (oxygenated)
  2. renal vein kidney to vena cava (deoxygenated)

  A) aorta

  B) renal artery

  C) water

  D) filters

  E) blood

  F) ureter

  G) urine

  H) kidneys

  I) bladder

  J) urethra

  K) bladder

  L) ureter

  M) renal vein

  N) kidney

  O) vena cava

  
• label

  A) 2

  B) bean

  C) filter

  D) blood

  E) tube

  F) kidney

  G) bladder

  H) urine

  I) excess

  J) water

  K) salts

  L) urea

  M) kidney

  N) tube

  O) bladder

  P) exterior

  Q) urine

  
• • 3 regions of the kidney

  1. Cortex - the outermost region
  2. Medulla - the inner section of the kidney
  3. Renal pelvis - the tube linking the kidney to the ureter

  • Each kidney contains around a million tiny structures called nephrons, also known as kidney tubules or renal tubules
  • Nephrons start in the cortex of the kidney, loop down into the medulla and back up to the cortex
  • The contents of the nephrons drain into the renal pelvis and the urine collects there before it flows into the ureter to be carried to the bladder for storage
• label

  A) renal atery

  B) adrenal gland

  C) cortex

  D) medulla

  E) nephrons

  F) cortex

  G) medulla

  H) bladder

  I) ureter

  J) renal vein

  
• • The nephron is made up of a kidney tubule which has several sections
  • Surrounding the tubule is a network of capillaries with a knotted section which sits inside the Bowman's capsule

  A) proximal convoluted tube

  B) glomerulus

  C) bowmans capsule

  D) loop of henle

  E) distal convoluted tube

  F) collecting duct