Exercise 5: Respiration

• Respiration - cellular process where organic compounds are broken down enzymatically to release chemical energy
• ATP: adenosine triphosphate
• 2 classifications of respiration:

  1. anaerobic
  2. aerobic
• How many ATP produced from aerobic?

  36-38
• How many ATP produced from anaerobic (yeast)?

  2
• Anaerobic

  • Yeast: alcohol fermentation
  • Animals: lactic acid fermentation
• Anaerobic (yeast) products:

  • ATP
  • carbon dioxide
  • water
  • ethanol
• Anaerobic (animals) products:

  • lactic acid
  • ATP
• How many ATP produced from anaerobic (animals)?

  2
• What are the 2 liquids where we'll suspend the 2 packet of mung beans?

  • tap water
  • alkaline pyrogallol
• Alkaline pyrogallol

  • reducing agent
  • reduce oxygen/consumes oxygen of system
• How many hours to store the two bottles with packet of mung beans in dark cabinet?

  48 hours
• What does the 2 set ups of packets of mung beans prove?

  Consumption of oxygen in aerobic respiration
• What does carbon dioxide react to to form barium carbonate (white precipitate)?

  barium hydroxide
• What does the first pair of erlenmeyer flasks contain?

  • 15mL yeast-glucose suspension
  • 15 mL saturated barium hydroxide
• What does the control set up of erlenmeyer flasks contain?

  • 15mL 10% glucose
  • 15 mL saturated barium hydroxide
• What do the 2 sets of erlenmeyer flasks prove?

  production of carbon dioxide in fermentation
• Yeast

  • fungal microorganism
  • undergoes fermentation to extract energy from glucose
• Fermentation

  • anaerobic respiration
  • less yield for every molecule of gluclose
• Glucose

  • monosaccharide
  • easily utilized into various enzymatic pathways
• sucrose

  • disaccharide of glucose and fructose
• Observations that prove that yeast are active

  • bubble formation
  • beer-like smell
• activated yeast + 10% glucose = yeast-glucose suspension
• activated yeast + distilled water = diluted yeast suspension
• activated yeast + 10% sucrose = yeast-sucrose suspension
• Rate of fermentation= liquid displaced / time
• temperature under refrigerator condition

  • 4 degrees
• temperature under room temperature

  • 23 degrees
• temperature under warm water bath

  • 40 degrees
• temperature under hot water bath

  • 80 degrees