Chapter 22

• Lusitania


  A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat and 128 Americans died. It greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, and is seen as a cause of WWI
• Zimmerman Telegram


  Sent from the Germany to Mexico, and said Mexico should attack the U.S. In return, Germany would give back Tex, NM, Arizona etc to Mexico.
• Voluntarism


  This was the idea that we should help each other and our country out for our own good will. It applied during World War I when we asked people to not eat meat on Tuesdays or to ration their gas. Hoover was a huge believer in this.
• 16th amendment


  This gave Congress the power to implement an income tax.
• Liberty Bonds


  This is what the U.S government sold to raise money for the War. Yes, you have to use the Patriotic name.
• War industries Board


  This agency coordinated the mobilization of industry during WWI. It helped negotiate with unions, allocated raw materials and set quotas for production.
• Food Administration


  Led by Herbert Hoover, it set up a system of rationing of food and promoted Wheatless Wednesdays and Meatless Mondays. It worked and the U.S. was able to provide food to their Allies not only during the War, but also helped prevent post-war famine in Europe.
• National War Labor Board


  Led by former President Taft, it arbitrated disputes between workers + employers
• Committee of Public Info


  This was led by George Creel during WWI and distributed propaganda in order to get the public to support the war.
• Bolshevik Revolution


  The communist revolution in Russia, led by Lenin. Vladimir, not John. Led to Russia's exit during WWI.
• Great Migration


  This is when a large number of African Americans moved North during WWI in search of jobs.
• 19th amendment


  This gave women the right to vote.
• Espionage and Sedition Acts


  These laws (yes, plural) made it illegal to "incite rebellion, obstruct the draft or make disloyal remarks about the government". In essence, a suspension of civil liberties.
• Schneck v. U.S


  This court case takes away your right to freedom of speech if it puts others in danger. While it was originally about mailing pamphlets urging people to resist the draft, the application was your freedom of speech is limited if you put others in "clear and present danger."
• Selective Service Act


  This 1917 law provided for the registration of all American men between the ages of 21 and 30 for a military draft. Men were chosen by lottery.
• Treaty of Versailles


  The Treaty ending WWI. Hint: not in Paris, but close.
• Fourteen Points


  The war aims outlined by President Wilson in 1918, which he believed would promote lasting peace; called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations
• League of Nations


  This international organization of peace was what Article X (or ten for those of you that still struggle with Roman numerals) of the Treaty of Versailles was about and was Wilson's "baby."He campaigned hard for it, and lost. It was weakened when the U.S. did not join, and ineffectual in stopping Germany and Japan later.
• irreconcilables


  Senators (both Republicans and Democrats) that were opposed to ratification of the Treaty of Versailles on any grounds.
• Red Scare


  Caused by a fear of the communists after the Russian Revolution, and a promotion of fear potential communists, hundreds of immigrants were deported without due process. A series of bombing occurred which heightened fear.
• Palmer raids


  This is where the Attorney General went out looking for anarchists and communists, many of which he deported, after his house was bombed.
• Strike of 1919


  series of strikes from unionists, police officers, and u.s steele workers. Some were violent and others came to peaceful resolutions
• Chicago Race Riots


  As African Americans migrated north, tension increased. Racial discrimination and riots broke out throughout the city of Chicago (which did not segregate most public areas). It started when a white man killed a black man by throwing rock at a public beach and a white police officer did not arrest the white man.
• Henry Cabot Lodge


  He led the group against the League of Nations and also passed the Lodge Corollary to Monroe Doctrine
• Alice Paul


  Suffragette that formed the National Woman's party and campaigned for an equal rights amendment to the Constitution. She opposed legislation protecting women workers because such laws implied women's inferiority.