AP Art HIstory

• The Swing Jean-Honore Fragonard

  1767


  setting of dense garden, figures are small, bishop is pushing, sexual promiscuity, bright colors and tones is happy, frivolity of upper class

  
• Self Portrait

  Elisabeth Louise Vigee le Brun

  1790

  Oil on canvas

  portrait arist of antoinetee, status gained royal academy spot, color pallette weakened bit of Rococo, painted 40 self portraits, depiction of young happy artist, direct gaze, looking at Le Brun admiring

  
• A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery

  Joseph Wright of Derby

  1763-1765

  Oil on canvas


  mechanical model of solar system, listening to a lecture, Wright most popular painter of Age of Reason, popular to depict scientists and philosophers that was akin to depicting religious figures, modern event in history lens, dramatic light carvaggio effect, loosely based off newton portrait, faces are aspect phases of moon

  
• The Oath of the Horatii

  Jacques-Louis David

  1784

  Oil on canvas


  standard for neoclassical, moments before fight, swearing allegiance to rome, shows loyalty to family over marriage, commissioned to King Louis to remind loyalty, David official artist of french revolution, mixture of neoclassical and non

  
• George Washington

  Jean-Antoine Houdon

  1788-1792

  Marble


  commissioned to virginia legislature, houdon was world renowned, embodies truth simplicity and grace, Jefferson introduced Houdon to neoclassical art, founding fathers connected to ancient greek and rome because ideas of democracy, neoclassicalism twist, idealism + naturalism, Washington wanted uniform instead of toga to be more modest, contrapposto , far away gaze

  
• Monticello

  Thomas Jefferson

  Virginia

  1768-1809

  Brick, glass, stone, and wood


  Studied work of Palladio influence, roman and renaissance styles (octagonal dome), UVA modeled after it, locally sourced materials as part of Jeffersons MO,

  
• La Grande Odalisque

  Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

  1814

  Oil on canvas


  transition from neoclassical to romantic, commissioned to sister of napolean, Ingres received poorly in paris, reclining nude body, anatomy unrealistic, mannerist, fabric realistic, turkey symbols,

  
• Y no hai remedio (And There’s Nothing to Be Done)

  From Los Desastres de la Guerra (The Disasters of War), plate 15

  Francisco de Goya

  1810-1823

  Drypoint etching


  Spanish war of independence, horrors by Napolean's troops, 80 etchings showing atrocities on both sides, awaiting death by firing squad with corpse next to him, future vs past fate, barrels of gun symbolic,

  
• Liberty Leading the People

  Eugene Delacroix

  1830

  Oil on canvas


  visual commemoration of July revolution of 1830, King Louis kept painting hidden, pyramidal composition, position of church and houses incorrect, liberty is a winged victory figure ALLEGORY, symbols of class were the red cap, the flag, and bayonet.

  
• Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On)

  Joseph Mallord William Turner

  1840

  Oil on canvas


  turner sympathetic to abolitionism movement, romanticism style, common for slavers to throw dead or dying slaves overboard, based on real events, supposed to evoke sympathy or outrage, loose brushwork with emotional colors to inspire impressionism, same time as anti slavery league, a few years later slavery is abolished in europe

  
• The Oxbow (View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm)

  Thomas Cole

  1836

  Oil on canvas

  Cole was father of hudson river school originally from England, his sketches and paintings from hudson river of new style, wild v settled land, painted for an exhibit, high horizon line to show plenty of ground with sweeping views, cole is middle ground of piece

  
• The Valley of Mexico from the Hillside of Santa Isabel

  Jose Maria Velasco

  1882

  Oil on canvas


  glorification of Mexican landscape, velasco was inspired by romaanticism, strong observer of landscape, modeled after European academies, twin mountains aztec myth, lake texococ and small hill where Virgin of Guadulupe appeared, small group of people travelling symbolizes relationship between humans and land

  
• The Horse in Motion

  Eadweard Muybridge

  1878

  photograph


  photography fast enough to capture motion, used a trip wire and each image was separate, used in scientific journals to study horse movement, grandfather of motion pictures, invention is zoopraxiscope and early motion picture projector

  
• The Stone Breakers

  Gustave Courbet

  1849

  Oil on canvas

  Destroyed in WWII


  realism , peasants depicted in reverence with daily lives that is portrayed as honest and sincere, one with the earth, submitted to salon, workers breaking rocks for paving has trapped composition, poverty is emphasized, large painting size was usually reserved for grand historical paintings, painting was a threat,

  
• Olympia

  Edouard Manet

  1863

  Oil on canvas


  manets technique is not layering the coloring but mixing it correct the first time and pathces of colors to show depth, scandal at salon of 1865, inspired by venus of urbino, woman is cold and uninviting, olympia name for prostitutes, maid delivering flowers, simplified modeling

  
• The Saint-Lazare Station

  Claude Monet

  1877

  Oil on canvas


  a view of one of the remodeled train stations in paris, exhibited at impressionist, one of 12, effects of steam light and color but not actual scene, gradiations of light, color overwhelms form, haussmann - redesign of paris allowed for mass transit, new plan of paris brought in trains that could easily remodel transportation,

  
• The Coiffure

  Mary Cassatt

  1890-1891

  Drypoint and aquatint


  cassatt american painter who moved to Paris, impressionist group, access to world males did not, woman getting ready and fixing hair, no posing and very natural, Japanese influence on hair style and point of view and decor, pastel color scheme, curves vs edges of room, series of 10

  
• The Starry Night

  Vincent Van Gogh

  1889

  Oil on canvas


  several careers before becoming a painter -- van Gogh was self taught and had a short but productive career of 1000 pieces, died without recognition, signature style of thick short paint strokes, can see some parts of canvas, painted at hospital with wave like impulses and cypress tree like flames , experimenting with painting night skies and little of his work focuses on this unique nighttime

  
• Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?

  Paul Gauguin

  1897-1898

  Oil on canvas

  stockbroker disillusioned with life, left family and moved to tahiti, spurred by duaghers death, story of life, definite rejection of greco roman influence, inspired by egyptian figures, gold corners inspired from byzantine work

  
• Mont Saint-Victoire

  Paul Cezanne

  1902-1904

  Oil on canvas


  one of 11 paintings of elevated view of mountain, mature style, very interested in geometric constructions made from patches of colors, emphasis on solid forms and not hazy, interested in perceptual and not perspective rules, south of France, work inspires cubism

  
• The Scream

  Edvard Munch

  1893

  Tempera and pastel on cardboard

  part of semi autobiographical cycle of the frieze of life, exists in four forms, iconic human figure in western art, represents symbolist movement, target of theft, inspired by post impressionism, walking along a wharf and cries out in scream with skull like head, Peruvian mummy exhibit, long thick brushtorkes, swirling patterns, color is symbolizing anguish, foreground and background blend into one another, separated form landscape by bridge,

  
• The Kiss

  Gustav Klimt

  1907-1908

  Oil on canvas


  lovers embraced in kiss, use of gold leaf inspired by medieval covers, byzantine mosaics, combines elements of symbolism and nouveau, sought after portrait painter, emotional and decorative, disconnected from real world because of intense love contrast between skin and pattern/color of clothes,

  
• The Burghers of Calais

  Auguste Rodin

  1884-1895

  Bronze


  rodin won commission from town of calais, narrative from hundred years war, six citizens volunteered to be prisoners to save town, miserable and dejected, wear sack clothes out of city and nooses around necks, sculpted each individually and then arranged together, in circle so no man is the center, details are simple

  
• Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament)

  London, England

  Sir Charles Barry and Augustus W.N. Pugin (architects)

  1840-1870

  Limestone masonry and glass


  huge fire in 1834, debate over what arhcitecutal style to be used, perpendicular gothic style, 1000 rooms, recruited gothic, new structure towered over london, big ben reminiscent of clock tower

  
• Still Life in Studio

  Louis-Jacques Daguerre

  1837

  Daguerreotype


  copper plate coated with silver iodine, stable clear images, inspired by dutch still lives, perfect subject for long exposure times, variety of textures, side lighting

  
• Nadar Raising Photography to the Height of Art

  Honore Daumier

  1862

  lithograph


  nadar known for aerial photos of paris, was known to be quirky, print first shown in le bolevard, lithography, making fun of claim that photography is high art, inclusive type of photography