topic 10

Cards (34)

  • For cations do flame test, precipitation reaction or ammonia test
  • Add more sodium hydroxide to calcium and aluminium
  • silver iodide is yellow
  • silver bromide is cream colour
  • silver chloride is white
  • iron2 is green precipitate with hydroxide
  • with Hydroxide iron3 has a precipitate colour of brown
  • nitrates and ammoniums always dissolve
  • hyroxide, oxide and carbonate rarely dissolve
  • copper has a precipitate colour of blue
  • damp red litmus paper and ammonia present if blue
  • Lithium burns red
  • potassium burns lilac
  • copper burns blue-green
  • sodium burns a yellow colour
  • calcium burns orange-red
  • magnesium burns white
  • Test for carbonate is adding dilute acid
  • if carbonate is present bubbles will form
  • add dilute hydrochloric acid and then barium chloride solution to test tube
  • Positive result is white precipitate if insoluble barium sulphate produced
  • halide test is adding nitric acid and then add silver nitrate
  • Nanoparticles can catalyse reactions more efficiently because of large surface area : volume ratio
  • nanoparticles may become dangerous
  • nanoparticles can enter body cells or transport toxic chemicals to areas of the body where they are not needed
  • Thermosoftening melts when heated
  • thermosetting doesn't melt but sets when heated
  • Composites are made from 2 or more materials
  • Matrix binds them together
  • Reinforcements are the fibres or fragments
  • composites : fibre glass, plywood, concrete and carbon fibre
  • Borosilicate glass is made from sand and boron trioxide, is harder to melt and break
  • Soda lime glass made from sand, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate
  • Glasses can be used as insulators because they have no gaps between particles so heat cannot pass through easily