SPANISH AND AMERICAN ERA QUIZ

• Spanish Colonial (1521-1898)


  Style and Culture Religious Art, Lowland Christian Art or Folk art
• Architecture

  Sculpting Engraving

  Music

  Literature

  Theater

  Visual Art

  6 Lowland Christian Art
• Plaza Complex


  The complex was designed as the town center and consisted of the municipio or local government office and church
• Cruciform Churches


  Following the shape of the Latin cross churches were built
• Baroque Style


  Characterized by grandeur, drama, elaborate details that purposely appealed to the emotions
• Seen in San Agustin Church in Manila, Morong Church in Rizal, Paoay Church in Ilocos Norte and Sto. Tomas de Villanueva Church in Miag-ao Ilo-Ilo

  Where did we find the baroque style
• Colonial Baroque or Philippine or Tropical Baroque


  Fusion of both native and European elements
• local intervention was made


  To suit the native's sensibilities
• The facade of Miag-ao Church features St. Christopher


  surrounded by reliefs or relleves having tropical motifs life palm fronds and papaya trees
• Adobe


  The use of ______, limestone or brick and the construction of thick buttresses or wing- like projections
• Santos


  Greek and Roman classical influence is seen in the proportion and formality of expression of a santo and baroque style in the expressive and emotional characteristics of the ____
• Retablo

  Integrates architecture and sculpture and is often embellisehed with rosettes, scrolls, pediments and solomonic columns which may be gilded or polychromed
• Via Crucis


  series of 14 paintings or relief structures depicting Christ's crucifixion resurrection
• Trompe l'oeil


  a French word meaning "fooling the eye" it refers to painting that give a heightened illusion of three- dimensionality
• Relleves


  carved figurative protrusions on the surface
• Plateria


  organic designs of hammered silver
• Western Musical Instruments


  Pipe, organ, violin, guitar, and piano
• Catholic Lithurgical Music

  Introduced in 1742 by the then Archbishop of Manila Juan Rodriguez Angel
• The Santo Domingo and San Agustin convents


  taught choral music to young boys including Filipino composers like Marcelo Ardonay (1848-1928)
• Pasyon or Pabasa


  biblical narration of Christ's passion chanted in an improvised melody
• Awit and Corrido


  Musical forms were chanted stories based on European Literature and history
• Balitao

  sentimental love songs
• Kundiman


  usually spoke of resignation and fatalism became a vehicle for resistance
• Kundiman ni Abdon


  became a feature of protest actions against Martial Law
• Mangyans of Mindoro


  Among _____ of ______ bamboo poles are turn into smaller nodes and are etched with baybayin used to compose short poems of courtship and emotional concerns
• huge stone


  In Ticao Leyte a __________ was discovered that contained baybayin writing believed to be an invocation for a safe journey by sea.
• Cathecism and Prayer books


  literature
• Zarzuela or Sarsuwela

  Senakulo

  Komedya

  Moro-moro


  4 Religious Processions
• Catholic saints and scenes from the Bible


  Earliest forms of theater were replaced by the pomp and pageantry of religious processions complete with embellished carrozas containing religious tableaus of
• Zarzuela


  A popular form of musical theater from Spain imported during the 19th century it is an opera which feautes singing and dancing interspersed with prose dialogue which allowed the story to be carried out in song
• Severino Reyes and Hermogenes Ilagan


  arethe most distinguished playwrights of their day and Honorata "Atang" dela Rama (National Artist for Theater and Music,awarded 1987) as their most celebrated leading actress
• Senakulo


  Written in 1704 by Gaspar Aquino de Belen its narrative was culled entirely from the Biblical account of Christ's passion and death on the cross adapted into verse form and translated into local language.
• 1. Komedya de Santo or Religious Komedya

  2. Secular Komedya

  -Moro-moro


  Depicts the conflict between the Muslims and Christians.
• cariñosa

  pandango

  polka

  dansa

  riodon

  Folk Music and Dance
• Carta Hydrographica y Chorographica de las Yslas Filipinas


  The first scientific map of the Philippines
• Jesuit Priest Fr. Pedro Murillo Velarde collaboarated with artists Francisco Suarez and engraver Nicolas de la Cruz Bagay


  they were the first to acknowledge their role as artist. Other known engravers include Laureano Atlas and Felipe Sevilla who produced religious images
• Flora de Filipinas


  an extensive compilation of Philippine plants by Augustinian botanist Fr. Manuel Blanco
• 1. Heaven, Earth, and Hell (1850)

  a mural by Jose Dans in Paete Church Laguna

  2. Two versions of San Cristobal

  3. Basi Revolt Esteban Villanueva


  3 Visual Arts
• native elites

  The opening of Manila to international trade and the Suez Canal in1869 gained economic benefits for the
• Music


  development inside the church through Marcelo Adonay and his compositions based on the Western tradition.