Respiration in organisms

• Diffusion is the transfer of something from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
• Gas exchange happens in the alveolus where after inhalation the oxygen in the alveolus is increased and diffuses from it into the bloodstream. Vice versa happens during exhalation

  
• Respiration occurs differently in different organisms. Fish breathe through layers of folded tissue called gills, insects breathe through small spores called spiracles, earthworms and frogs breathe through moist skin while mammals breathe through lungs.

  
• The process by which energy is released from the breakdown of food is called respiration
• Respiration occurs in the alveoli which are present in the bronchioles
• The two types of respiration are aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
• Aerobic respiration gives the outcome of 38 ATP and 20 NADH
• Plants respire through lenticels, stomata, and root pores.
• In aerobic respiration oxygen is required however it is vice versa in anaerobic respiration, The end products in aerobic respiration are energy, carbon dioxide and water. The end products of anaerobic respiration are ethyl alcohol, lactate, and carbon dioxide and water.

  
• Energy is produced during cellular respiration as glucose molecules break down into smaller units to release stored chemical energy that can be used to power other reactions within cells.
• The exchange of gases occurs in the alveoli where the oxygen after inhalation is diffused into the capillary network. The oxygen then attaches to the haemoglobin in the red blood cells after where it is carried through the body cells for cellular respiration.
• Carbon dioxide from the body cells enters the capillaries and binds with haemoglobin which carries them back to the lungs for exhalation.