Quiz 4 Study Guide

• Productivity


  The ability to express ideas with words
• Transformational Grammar


  System for converting a deep structure (logic/meaning of a sentence) into a surface structure (syntax, grammar)

  • Being able to put what you're thinking into words
• Aphasia


  Inability to understand or express speech
• Broca's Aphasia


  Difficulties in language production

  • Content is there, but fluency and grammar is missing
• Wernicke's Aphasia


  Impaired noun recall and language comprehension despite fluent/grammatical speech

  • They can form full sentences but they may use irrelevant or made up words
• Phoneme 


  Unit of sound

  • CH, SS, CK, SH
• Morpheme 


  A unit of meaning

  • dog-s
  • in-com(e)-ing
• Word-Superiority Effect


  More able to remember letters when they are part of a word than when they are on their own
• Fluid Intelligence 


  Ability to solve problems when going into a new situation without prior knowledge

  • Put something new together without instructions
  • Solving puzzles, speculative philosophical reasoning
• Crystallized Intelligence 


  Ability to apply prior skills to a new situation

  • memorizing facts, trivia
• Multiple Intelligence


  Multiple unrelated forms of intelligence

  • different way students learn and acquire information
• 8 Forms of Multiple Intelligence

  • Language
  • Musical abilities
  • Logical and mathematical reasoning
  • Spatial reasoning
  • Ability to recognize and classify objects
  • Body movement skills
  • Self control and understanding
  • Sensitivity to others' social signals
• Adaptive Testing


  Test changes depending on the answers given

  • Can be used to pinpoint skill level
  • NWEA Testing
• Standardized


  Establishing norms and procedures for a test
• IQ - intelligence quotient

  • <70 = intellectual disability
  • 100 = average
  • 85-115 = average range
  • >130 = gifted
• Reliability


  If the test is redone will the same scores be produced, the repeatability of a test
• Test-Retest Reliability


  The correlation between scores on a first test and a retest

  • Reliability of a test
• Validity


  Does the evidence support the question asked

  • Does the test test what it was intended to test
• Brain Death


  No brain activity, no response to stimulus
• Coma


  Low brain activity, no response to stimulus
• Vegetative State


  Low brain activity, some response to (painful) stimulus

  • can sometimes appear coherent, may be aware of their surroundings
• Circadian Rhythm


  24 hour cycle of activity and inactivity

  • 3AM - 7AM, energy is at its lowest
  • 10AM - 1PM, alertness and energy increases, body temperature rises
  • 2PM - 5PM, afternoon slump
  • 11PM, melatonin production
• Morning Person - wakes up easily, is more productive in the morning


  Evening Person - wakes up groggily, is most productive in the evening/afternoon
• Insomnia


  Continuous inability to sleep that affects performance
• Night Terror


  More extreme than a bad dream

  • Elevated heart rate, wake up screaming and flailing
  • More prevalent in children
• Deja Vu Experience


  Feeling that an event is uncannily familiar
• Stages of Sleep:

  • Stage 1 - light sleep, can be easily awakened, may feel like you're falling
  • Stage 2 - body temperature drops and heart rate slows, measurable
  • Stage 3&4 - deep sleep, muscles and tissue repair
  • R.E.M - rapid eye movement, body paralysis, dreaming, may experience sleep paralysis