Gamete production

• A gamete is a sex cell produced by meiosis of germline stem cells
• The male sex cell is sperm and is produced in the testes, while the female sex cell is the ova and is produced in the ovaries
• In the testes, sperm is produced in the seminiferous tubules and testosterone in the interstitial cells
• The prostate gland and seminal vesicles secrete fluids that maintain the mobility and viability of the sperm
• In the ovaries, ova are produced from germline cells and are protected by follicles, fluid-filled sacs that release hormones (oestrogen and progesterone)
• Fertilisation is the fusion of ova and sperm nuclei to form a diploid zygote, which in humans happens inside the woman's body
• Fertilisation occurs in the oviduct, leading to the formation of a zygote
• The uterus is the site of fertilisation, where the zygote implants and develops
• The cervix and vagina play roles in the reproductive process, with the vagina having a mucus lining