Guidance

• 4 types of guidance

  • Verbal
  • Visual
  • Mechanical
  • Manual
• Verbal guidance

  • Verbal feedback can be provided by a coach or significant other
  • It is used to describe and explain how to perform an activity
  • Often used alongside visual guidance
• Verbal guidance advantages

  • Can reinforce good movements and identify errors
  • Can hold the attention of the performer and be used to motivate.
• Visual guidance

  • Images or demonstrations (videos, pictures)
  • Coach should highlight key points of the movements - Reinforcing these key points is known as 'cueing'
  • The image or demonstration should be accurate.
• Visual guidance advantages

  • Helps create a mental picture
  • Skill can be seen at different stages
  • Encourages observational learning
• Visual guidance disadvantages

  • If demonstration is incorrect, bad habits could form
  • Visual representation may be unclear or too quick
  • Coach may not be able to show accurate demonstration
• Manual and mechanical guidance advantages

  • Helps build confidence
  • Can reduce fear in dangerous situations
  • Can give kinaesthetic feel
  • Can be used to isolate a skill eg- holding a float and practicing leg kicks in swimming.
• Manual and mechanical guidance

  • Involves physical support by another person or mechanical device
  • May involve another person physically directing a performer
• Manual and mechanical guidance Disadvantages

  • Can be over-restrictive - performer may feel they lack control
  • Can lead to false kinaesthetics
  • Could negatively affect motivation and cause negative transfer