Geographical concepts

• Environment refers to the built and physical environments and the processes that occur naturally or result from human actions
• Scale in geography includes Map scale, Time scale, and Geographic Scale
• Map scale: Diagrams that represent physical and built environments (e.g., rivers, cities) and can be expressed as a representative fraction or statement
• Time scale: the period of time during which something happens
• Geographic scale: the spatial extent of something, often divided into local, national, regional, and global scales
• Local scale: e.g., village, town center
• National scale: the whole country
• Regional scale: a group of countries that are close
• Global scale: the whole world
• Geographical concepts are important ideas that geographers use to understand the world, including Space, Environment, Place, and Scale
• Space is the physical area on Earth's surface, for example, schools as spaces for learning
• Location is closely related to space and can be expressed using a set of coordinates based on latitude (horizontal) and longitude (vertical)
• Place is an area of Earth's surface that holds a special meaning for people
• Water can move from one store to another, known as flow
• Examples of flow include melt, glaciers flowing, rivers flowing into oceans
• Water stores are places where water is contained, such as glaciers, rivers, lakes, soils, and groundwater
• Types of water stores include freshwater (e.g., glaciers, rivers, lakes, soils, groundwater) and saltwater (e.g., oceans)