The employment relations

• Employment relations involve understanding the concept of employment relations, the historical perspective, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, analysis of the relationship, the parties involved, and factors impacting interactions between them
• Employment relations have evolved from Industrial Relations to Employment Relations, emphasizing relationships, behavior, interactions, and psychological processes between employees and organizations at work
• The first industrial revolution led to consequences like the depersonalization of work, the rise of working-class consciousness, and the growth of trade unionism
• The second industrial revolution introduced more sophisticated technology, increased automation, and depersonalized work relationships
• The third industrial revolution brought positive changes like improved education and training, but also led to escalating automation and global mergers
• The fourth industrial revolution is characterized by advanced technology, machines replacing human labor, and work being outsourced to independent experts/contractors
• The Covid-19 pandemic has caused significant increases in unemployment, operational pressure, and changes in work processes like remote working and social distancing
• Factors impacting interactions between parties in the employment relationship include acknowledging common interests, conflict levels, power distribution, and decision-making freedom
• Intrinsic factors regulating the relationship include custom, tradition, legislation, mutual agreement, and ethical considerations like trust, integrity, and fairness
• External influences on the labor relationship include the sociopolitical system, societal influences, economic factors, trade unions, technological development, business structure, industry concentration, and labor demography
• Approaches to the employment relationship include traditional, unitary, radical, pluralism, societal corporatism, and state corporatism