CPAR lesson 1 & 2

• Guillermo Estrella Tolentino is known as the Father of Philippine Arts and the creator of "The Oblation"
• Formalism in art refers to a strict and technical canon with pre-described criteria
• Mimesis is the representation of nature, with all art created undergoing imitation, as noted by Plato
• Leo Tolstoy described art as an expression of feelings and experiences
• Benedetto Croce believed art is an intuition that arises from intense emotions
• John Hospers suggested that the audience and artist may feel opposite emotions
• RG Collingwood argued that art is not an expression but a form of communication
• Indigenous Art Forms are created by various ethnolinguistic groups and characterized by their culture and traditions
• Tangible Indigenous Art Forms include weaved products, clay and porcelain products, stone sculpture products, wood sculpted products, and natural ink drawings and paintings
• Intangible Indigenous Art Forms encompass oral tradition, expression, language, performance art, social practices, rituals and festivals, cosmology, and traditional craftsmanship
• Elements of Art:

  • Line: a mark connecting the space between two points, determining direction, motion, and energy
  • Value: the addition of light or dark in an artwork, characterized by tint and shade
  • Color: a fundamental artistic element in visually sensed art forms, often referred to as color value
  • Texture: the tactile quality of a surface, with visual and actual texture types
  • Form: the overall physical nature of the work, including shape and volume
  • Space: the area between two identifiable points, encompassing background, foreground, and middle ground
  • Shape: the area defined by boundaries and edges in two-dimensional spaces, with positive and negative space
• Principles of Art:

  • Proportion: the relationship between elements and the whole work
  • Balance: positioning elements so none overpower the others, with symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial balance
  • Movement: creating a path for the audience's eye to follow
  • Unity: using elements to create cohesive aesthetics
  • Contrast: observable differences between elements to create comparison or boundaries
  • Patterns and Rhythms: movement marked by the repetition of elements or parallel/opposing conditions
• Creative Elements in art include material, meaning, representational and non-representational art, contexts, appropriation, performance, hybridity, and technology
• Artistic Schools:

  • Academism: follows the norms and influences of European art academies
  • Conservatism: supports traditional and non-liberal actions
  • Modernism: aligns with industrial life and explores imagery, materials, and techniques
  • Postmodernism: born from skepticism and suspicion of reason, investigates universal truths and objects reality
  • Contemporary Art: refers to art generated in the present day