Parts of the Cell

• Organelles: structures that have a specific function within the cell.
• cell membrane

  -keeps the content of the cell together

  -controls what enters and exits the cell
• Cytoplasm

  >cytosol and organelles

  -acts medium in which chemical reaction take place
• Nucleus

  >control center / brain of the cell

  -controls all functions the cell must perform
• Mitochondria

  >"powerhouse" of the cell

  -provides energy to the cell

  !NB! this is where cellular respiration takes place

  >Cellular respiration chemical formula:

  • O2+C6H12O6 -> ATP Energy+H2O+CO2
• Vacuoles

  >stores water and dissolved nutrients (primary function)

  >provides support and structure to the plant when full(turgid)

  !NB! TURGID: when vacuoles are full

  !NB! Flacid: when vacuoles are empty
• cell wall

  >provides structure and support to the cell therefore plant

  !NB! made of hard substance(cellulose) and has openings
• Chloroplasts

  >produce food for the cell
• Plant cells(organelles)

  1. large vacuole
  2. has cell walls
  3. has chloroplast
• Animal cells(organelles)

  1. small/no vacuole
  2. no cell wall
  3. no chloroplast
• tissue: collection of cells of the same type
• Plant tissue (identifying under microscope)

  1. most cells are green, chlorophyll.
  2. cells are tightly packed
  3. fixed shape
  4. cell wall, thick layer around each cell
• Animal tissue (identifying under a microscope)

  1. transparent, stain
  2. cells are loosely arranged.
  3. irregular shape
  4. no cell wall present
• STEM cells

  >have the ability to become any type of cell

  !NB! have not specialized yet
• Chlorophyll: green pigment found in chloroplast, gives plants their colour