Unit 3

• The captain must establish an effective crew atmosphere that encourages teamwork, requiring excellent communication and resource management skills
• The first officer, as the second-in-command, assists the captain and has full control and authority over the operation of the aircraft as well as over all other crew without limitation
• The senior cabin crew member is responsible for leading the cabin crew, ensuring safety and excellent customer service, and making sure that company policy is followed during the flight
• Cabin crew members must be prepared to take on any duties required, as responsibilities may vary on different flights

  
• Cabin crew responsibilities can be divided into three main stages: pre-flight activities, in-flight tasks, and post-flight responsibilities
• Examples of conditions or situations cabin crew must report include a strong odor of smoke, malfunctioning electrical components, passenger disturbances, and seriously ill passengers
• The chain of command on board an aircraft:

  • Captain is in charge, followed by the first officer and then the senior cabin crew member
  • Cabin crew members are responsible for the safety and comfort of passengers

  
• The captain has responsibility for everything that happens on an aircraft before, during, or at the end of a flight
• The senior cabin crew member reports directly to the captain and is responsible for assigning working positions to other cabin crew, pre-flight briefing, and management of all cabin crew duties
• A cabin crew member's knowledge of the responsibilities of every working position in the cabin enables them to respond quickly in an emergency
• The roles and responsibilities of the flight crew and cabin crew are crucial for the safety and comfort of passengers

  
• Cabin crew responsibilities can be divided into three main stages: pre-flight activities, in-flight tasks, and post-flight responsibilities
• In an emergency situation, cabin crew must be confident enough to speak directly to the captain to save time
• Cabin crew must bring any condition or situation that may affect safety on board to the attention of other crew members, particularly the captain
• Each cabin crew member is responsible for being prepared to take on any duties required, as responsibilities may vary on different flights
• The captain is legally responsible for everything on board the aircraft while operating a flight
• The safety of the flight and the effectiveness of the crew in emergencies depend on the ability of each crew member to anticipate the actions of other team members
• Communication and collaboration on board the aircraft are key factors in preventing and managing incidents
• Crew Resource Management (CRM) is crucial for crew performance and involves effective communication, teamwork, and handling of information and resources
• CRM training should address unexpected, unusual, and stressful situations, cultural differences, and threat and error management
• CRM principles focus on the effective use of all available resources to achieve safe and efficient flight operations
• CRM promotes safe operations and overall crew performance through the optimum use of available resources including people, procedures, and equipment
• CRM helps avoid human error by seeking assistance or input from others whenever a problem arises
• CRM helps stop errors and their consequences before they occur by effectively handling challenges and resolving problems quickly, efficiently, and safely
• CRM improves morale among crew members, leading to better efficiency and performance
• Leadership styles in aviation can be authoritarian, democratic, or laissez-faire, and can vary depending on the situation
• Communication in aviation involves clear and accurate sending and receiving of information, instructions, and feedback, including active listening and understanding non-verbal cues
• Situational awareness in aviation involves identifying important elements of the environment to avoid mistakes and communicate effectively
• Assertiveness and participation are crucial in aviation for sharing ideas and knowledge, performing with team goals in mind, and ensuring that one's input is heard and understood
• Decision-making in aviation requires using sound judgment and all available information to make the best decision for the situation
• Elements of training that airlines should include in their conversion training programs:

  • Resilience development includes mental flexibility and performance adaptation
  • Mental flexibility involves recognizing critical changes, reflecting on judgment, avoiding fixed prejudices, and remaining open to changing assumptions
  • Performance adaptation involves mitigating frozen behaviors, overreactions, and inappropriate hesitation, and adjusting actions to current conditions

  
• CRM training for cabin crew should address unexpected, unusual, and stressful situations, cultural differences, and threat and error management

  
• Threat and Error Management (TEM) in aviation aims to identify, avoid, capture, and manage operational threats and human errors

  
• Different chime signals used between the cockpit and cabin crew communicate messages for normal, abnormal, and emergency situations

  
• Communication among cabin crew is crucial for safety and effective operation during flights

  
• Decision-making in aviation involves using sound judgment, verifying available information, anticipating consequences, and informing others of decisions and reasons behind them
• Stress management in aviation includes recognizing and coping with stress, both in oneself and others, to ensure overall fitness to fly
• Surprise and startle effect training prepares cabin crew for unexpected, unusual, and stressful situations, including interruptions and distractions
• Cultural differences training for cabin crew involves recognizing communication specifics, understanding different approaches to situations, and solving problems in a multicultural environment
• Threat and Error Management (TEM) aims to maximize flight safety by minimizing incidents and accidents caused by human factors