Phases of hominid evolution

• Label this skull

  A) Saggital Crest

  B) Cranium

  C) Prognathous Jaw

  D) Canines

  E) Slope of face

  F) Brow Ridge

  
• Ardipithecus ramidus:

  • Fossil name - Ardi
  • Scientists - Tim white
  • Cranium - small
  • Sagittal crest - Present
  • Slope of face - sloped
  • Brow ridge - Present
  • Prognathous jaw - Prognathous
• Australopithecus afarensis:

  • Fossil name - Lucy and Laetoli footprints
  • Scientists - Donald Johnson and Mary Leakey

  Features:

  • Cranium - small
  • Sagittal crest - Present
  • Slope of face - sloped
  • Teeth - large canines
  • Brow ridge - Present
  • Prognathous jaw - Prognathous

  
• Australopithecus Africanus:

  • Fossil name - 1. Taung child 2. Mrs Ples 3. Little foot
  • Scientists - Raymond Dart, Robert Brown, Ronald Clarke

  
  

  Features:

  • Fully bipedal
  • Cranium - Increasing
  • Sagittal crest - Reducing
  • Slope of face - sloped
  • Teeth - large canines
  • Brow ridge - Reducing
  • Prognathous jaw - Prognathus
• Homo Habilis *Tool maker:

  
  

  Features:

  • Cranium - Increasing
  • Sagittal crest - Reducing
  • Slope of face - Sloped / no forehead
  • Teeth - reducing canines
  • Brow ridge - reducing
  • Prognathous jaw - Prognathous
• Which species was the first to use fire?

  Homo Ergaster
• Which species was the first to have an absent sagittal crest?

  Homo Ergaster
• What was the fossil name for Homo Ergaster?

  Turkana boy
• Which species was the first found that had a non-prognathous jaw?

  Homo Heidelbergenes
• The oldest human fossils are found in Africa.
• Which species of human ancestor are only found in Africa?

  Australopithecus and Ardipithecus
• Ardipithecus is ONLY found in Africa
• Out of Africa hypothesis:

  • Humans originated in AFRICA and moved out.
  • The OLDEST human fossils are found in Africa.
  • Ardipithecus is ONLY found in Africa.
  • Australopithecus ONLY found in Africa.
  • OLDEST homo sapiens found in Africa. YOUNGER fossils found in other parts.
• Name the fossil discovered by Tim White.


  Ardi
• Where was the fossil "Ardi" found?


  Ethiopia
• Name the fossil discoverd by Donald Johnson.


  Lucy
• What type of hominid was Lucy?

  Australopithecus afarensis
• Robert Brown disovered the fossil Mrs Ples
• Name THREE fossils found in South Africa.

  1. Taung child
  2. Mrs Ples
  3. Little foot
• What type of hominid was Mrs Ples?

  Australopithecus africanus