cardiovascular diease

• coronary heart disease - arteries become blocked or narrow
• artery in coronary heart disease is narrowed due to fatty deposits, plague (from cholesterol, LDL - bad)
• high LDL (bad cholesterol) lead to low density lipoproteins (HDL- good)
• coronary heart disease lead to heart attack
• poor diet, lack of exercise and genetics (increase cholesterol level)increase risk of coronary heart disease
• wire mesh/stent (memory shaped polymer) instead into artery, inflated using ballon (widen the artery), then get deflated and removed
• wire mesh/stent (memory shaped polymer) stay extended in artery, keep blood vessel open
• risk of blood clotting near Sten thrombosis
• using stent need to take anticoagulation drugs for the remainder of their life (to stop blood clotting)
• statin - medicines (lower cholesterol production)
• statins could lead to kidney & liver damage, abdominal pain, sickness
• statins need to be taken regularly
• heart valve failure - tissue stiffens -> can't close, blood flows backward
• biological valve - last short, less risk of blood clotting
• mechanical valve made of titanium/polymer
• mechanical valve last longer, could form blood clot
• using mechanical valve require anti-coagulation medication
• mechanical valve could lead to rejhection
• heart failure - can't plump blood
• after heart transplant, need to take immunosuppressants to prevent clotting (more prone to infection)
• donor heart transplant could be rejected, last longer
• artificial heart transplant have risk of blood clot/stroke
• artificial heart transplant requires anti-coagulation medication
• artificial heart is temporary until found a donor
• artificial heart is less likely to be rejected
• artificial heart is made of plastic and metal
• artificial heart work less well than natural