validity

• validity

  whether a study or test actually measures what it claims to measure
• internal validity

  whether the results of a study are genuinely due to the manipulation of the independent variable
• reasons why some research lacks internal validity

  demand characteristics

  investigator effects

  poor operationalisation of variables
• face validity

  refers two how much a test appears to measure what its supposed to measure
• external validity

  whether the results of a study can be generalised beyond the specific situation, participant or time
• types of external validity

  ecological validity

  population validity

  temporal validity
• ecological validity

  the extent to which the findings can be generalised beyond present situation
• population validity

  the extent to which the findings can be generalised to the population
• temporal validity

  can the findings be generalised to other times
• mundane realism

  how much the physical setting and task in an experiment resemble those in the real world
• predictive validity

  refers to the extent to which a test or measurement accurately forecasts or predicts future outcomes
• ways of measuring validity

  concurrent validity

  face validity
• concurrent validity

  how well a new test matches an already proven test when both are given at the same time.