Lesson 4

• A hypothesis is a tentative prediction about the relationship between two or more variables in a population under study.
• hypothesis translates a research question into a prediction of expected outcomes.
• a hypothesis is commonly used in an experiment type research.
• hypothesis is also considered an intelligent guess that occurs with at least 2 variables: one is independent and the other is dependent.
• Types of Hypotheses:

  • Simple Hypothesis: predicts a relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable
  • Complex Hypothesis: predicts relationships of two or more independent variables to two or more dependent variables
  • Directional Hypothesis: specifies the existence and expected direction of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables
  • Non-directional Hypothesis: does not stipulate the direction of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables
  • Null Hypothesis: formulated for the purpose of statistical analysis