EITFORM

• Significance of Robotics

  Manufacturing and assembly, healthcare, agriculture, space exploration, defense and security
• The history of robotics goes as far as back at 350 BC when a brilliant greek mathematician named ____ succeeded in building a mechanical bird that used steam to propel itself. It was the first documented attempt of man to build an automata.

  Archytas
•  coined by a Czech writer named Karel Capek

  Robot
• 1941 - a Czech writer____ coined the term “Robot” in his play “R.U.R” (Rossum’s Universal  Robots)


  Karal Capek
•  it is the first time the term “robot” is used officially

  Rossum's Universal Robot
• he gave the three laws of robotics. He is also known for coining the term “Robotics”

  Isaac Asimov
• Three Laws of Robotics

  answer
• In 1948 and 1949, William Grey Walter, working in Burden Neurological Institute in Bristol, was able to create two autonomous robots with a mind if it's own:

  Elmer and Elise
• was created by scientists at MIT in 1989. It was one of the first examples of cheap robots. Another great feature of it was behavioral algorithm which makes the robot behave like a real insect.

  genghis
• arrived in the 12st century, but they still have a long way to go due to some legal and ethical issues

  Self-driving cars
• 6 Components of a Robot

  Sensor, Power source, actuators, mechanical structure, controller/central processing unit, programming
• Define sensors as devices that collect data from the robot’s environment. It is also responsible for providing feedback about the robot’s state.

  Sensor
• are mechanical devices that convert energy into motion, playing a critical role in various technologies and engineering fields.

  Actuators
• Providing energy to operate the robot

  Power Source
• The “brain” of the robot responsible for processing information and making decisions

  Controllers/CPU
• How you design your robots. Physical structure of the robot which houses the components

  Mechanical structure
• Instructions that your robot will perform for a specific task. Instructing the robot to perform specific tasks

  Programming
• Decimal to Binary: 915

  answer: 1110010011
• Decimal to Binary conversion: 2064

  answer: 100000010000
• Binary to Decimal rule, if the digit is 0, multiply by___, whereas, if the digit is 1, multiply by ____ and add ___

  2, 2, 1
• Binary to Decimal conversion: 1110010011

  answer: 915
• Binary to Decimal conversion: 100000010000

  answer: 2064
• 1 byte =

  8 bits
• It is the smallest unit of the computer. It is usually represented with digits 0 and 1.

  Bit
• is made of 8 bits. It is used in determining the system storage. It is the most common term used in computing.


  Bytes
• 1 kilobyte, 1 megabyte, 1 gigabyte


  2^10, 2^20, 2^30
• Is a step-by-step process on how a problem is to be solved.

  Algorithm
• 2 ways to write algorithms

  Pseudocode and flowchart
• Is a nonstandard english-like statement containing sentences and phrases that look closely similar to the syntax of programming language

  Pseudocode
• visual diagram showing the progress of works and technique to get the picture of the entire programming task

  flowchart
• symbols in flowchart

  oval, parallelogram, rectangle, diamond, hybrid, flowline
• Denotes the beginning or end of the program

  Oval
• Denotes an input operation

  Parallelogram
• Denotes a process to be carried out e.g addition, subtraction, division, etc.

  Rectangle
• Denotes a decision (or branchy) to be made.

  The program should continue along one or two routes

  diamond
• Denotes an output operation

  Hybrid
• Denotes the direction of logic flow in the program

  flowline
• robot derived from czech meaning

  forced work
• used to measure data transfer

  bits
• used to measure data storage

  bytes