PMLS LEC PHLEB EQUIPMENT

• Needle gauge refers to the needle's opening or circumference

  
• Proper recapping of needles is crucial in phlebotomy
• Evacuated tube system:

  • Closed system prevents exposure to outside air contaminants
  • Allows multiple tubes to be collected in a single venipuncture
• Butterfly collection system:

  • Used for small and fragile veins that are difficult to draw from
  • Consists of a 21 or 23 gauge needle with attached plastic wings on one end and 3-12 inch tubing
• Tourniquet:

  • Constricts the flow of blood in the arm and makes the veins more prominent
  • Usually 1 inch wide, 15-18 inches long
  • Applied 3-4 inches above the site
• Microcollection equipment includes non spring loaded lancets and spring loaded lancets
• Sample collection trays contain various items such as alcohol swabs, gauze squares, evacuated tube holder, syringes, needles, butterfly infusion set, tourniquet, disposable gloves, sharps container, marking pen
• Cleansing agents in phlebotomy:

  • Disinfectant: removes or kills microorganisms on surfaces and instruments (e.g., 10% sodium hypochlorite)
  • Antiseptic: prevents microorganisms and their toxins from infecting the blood (e.g., 70% isopropyl alcohol)
  • Hand sanitizer: alcohol-based rinses, gels, and foams that can replace handwashing if hands are not visibly soiled
• red top MOA

  blood clots and serum is separated after centrifugation
• gold top MOA

  blood clots and serum is separated after centrifugation
• gold and red test

  chemistry and serology
• yellow anticoagulant

  acid citrate dextrose and sodium polyanethol sulfonate
• ACD MOA

  WBC preservative
• ACD test

  BB, HLA phenotyping, paternity testing
• SPS MOA

  aids in bacterial recovery, inhibits phagocytosis
• SPS test

  serum microbiology or blood culture
• green anticoagulant

  sodium/lithium heparin
• green and light green MOA

  enhances anti thrombin III and inhibits thrombin formation
• green, light green tests

  chemistries
• light green anticoagulant

  lithium heparin
• light blue anticoagulant

  sodium citrate
• black AC

  buffered sodium citrate
• Light blue and black MOA

  chelates calcium
• LB test

  coagulation studies
• black test

  sedimentation rates
• lavender anticoagulant

  EDTA
• lavender MOA and test

  chelates calcium, hematology, BB
• Gray AC

  potassium oxalate
• gray MOA

  inhibits glycolysis by binding magnesium needed by enolase in the glycolytic pathway
• gray test

  glucose testing and lactate testing
• pink anticoagulant

  spray dried k2 EDTA
• pink MOA and test

  chelates calcium, blood banking and molecular diagnosis
• white anticoagulant

  EDTA and ACD
• WHITE MOA AND TEST

  chelates calcium, molecular diagnosis
• royal blue anticoagulant

  sodium heparin and k2EDTA
• royal blue MOA

  inhibits thrombin, chelates calcium
• royal blue test

  chemistry, toxicology, trace elements
• tan anticoagulant

  sodium heparin and k2EDTA
• tan MOA

  inhibits thrombin, chelates calcium
• tan tests