MICP/ PRELIM- EUKARYOTES

• Algae are photosynthetic, eukaryotic organism.
• Algae produce energy use for photosynthesis.
• Most algae cell walls contain cellulose.
• One genus algae, prototheca is a very rare cause human infection.
• Genera secretes tpxic substances called phycotoxins.Genera
• Phycotoxins produce dinoflagellates, caused redtides and disease called paralytic shellfish poinsoning.
• Protozoa are non photosynthetic eucaryotic organism.Protozoa
• Thickened cell membrane called pellicle.
• Ingested food through primitive mouth called cytostome.
• 2 stage of protozoan cycle are trophozoite and cyst.
• Trophozoite are motile, feeding, and dividing stage.
• Cyst is a non motile, dormant and survival stage.
• Protozoa are dividen ito groups base on locomotion they are the amebae, cilliates, flagelates, and sporozoa. Protozoa
• Amebae move by means by means of pseudopods" false feet".Amebae
• Example of amebae is entamoeba histolytica causes amebic dysentery.
• Ciliates move by means of hairlike cillia.
• Example of cilia is balantidium coli causes balantidiasis.
• Flagellates move by means of whiplike flagella.
• Example of flagellates is giardia lamblia cause giardiasis.
• Sporozoa has no visible means of locomotion. Example is plasmodium spp cause malaria.Sporozoa
• Dysentery results severe diarrhea.
• Giardia lamblia a pathogemic species feed off tge intestinal lining. Giardia
• Entamoeba Histolytica feeds of intestinal guts and cause irritation called amoebic dysentery.
• Taxoplasmosis can get form contaminated water and eating undercooked. Caused sever damage to brain and eyes. Taxoplasmosis
• Malaria transmittes by mosquito bites.
• The study of fungi called mycology. The scientist that study fungi called mycologist.
• Fungi are the garbage disposer of nature.
• Diverse group of eukaryotic organisms include yeast, molds , and fleshy fungi
• Fungals cell walls contain polysaccharide called chitin

  .Fungals
• Grow as filaments called hyphae.
• Hyphae intertwined to form a mass called mycelium .Hyphae
• Septate Hyphae divided cells and septa. Aseptate Hyphae do not have septa.
• 2 general categories of spore are sexual spore and asexual spore.
• Yeast are eukaryotic unicellular organisms that lack mycelia.
• Individual yeast cell refered as blastospores and blastoconidia.
• Yeast usually reproduce by budding.

  String elongated buds called Pseudohypha. Thick walled of yeast are called chlamydospores.
• Yeast used to make wine. Saccharomyces cerevisiae used in baking. Candida albicans used for human specimen.
• Molds are often seen in soil, water, and growing in food.
• Molds produce cytoplasmic filaments called hyphae.
• Aerial hyphae grow above the surface. Vegetativr hyphae grow beneath surface.