STS

• Science Process used to solve problems or develop an understanding.
• Theory explains why a natural phenomena occurs
• Law summary of observations about natural phenomena.
• Technology methods, systems, and devices that result from scientific knowledge.
• Society A large group of people who live together in an organized way.
• Science, Technology, and Society Study of how social, political, and cultural values affect scientific research and innovation.
• Antecedents Defined as a precursor to the unfolding or existence of something.
• Natural Science deals with the study of the universe and the physical world.
• Social Science study of social, cultural, economic, psychological, and political forces.
• • Psychology study of human mind and behavior
• Sociology study of the society and its relationship
• • Political Science study of the government and how they work
• • Physical Science study of non living things.
• • Physics study of concepts related to motion, force, and energy
• • Chemistry study involving matter, their properties, and composition
• Earth Science study of the earth and the systems in space.
• Geology study of the earth
• • Meteorology study of weather and the atmosphere
• • Astronomy study of heavenly bodies and things outside the earth’s atmosphere
• Biological Science study of living things, their life cycles, adaptations, and interaction with the environment.
• Botany study of plants and its systems
• • Zoology study of animals
• Ecology study of interaction between organisms and their environment
• INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION The period where paradigm shifts occurred. It is where the scientific beliefs that have been widely embraced and accepted by the people were challenged and opposed.
• COPERNICAN REVOLUTION Influenced conceptual changes in cosmology, religion, physics, and philosophy; along with the belief of the people about the placement of the earth.
• 1. Geocentric Theory

  In the 6th century, Ptolemy introduced the geocentric model which described the universe with the Earth as its center. Named after Nicholas Copernicus. (1473 - 1543)
• 1. Heliocentric Theory

  Johannes Kepler said that all planets move in elliptical orbits and the sun as its center. 
• • Tycho Brahe’s observation of the star, Cassiopeia
• • Galileo Galilei developed his own telescope and observed Venus
• • Sir Isaac Newton’s law of gravitation
• Charles Darwin, known for his evolution by natural selection and his book “On the Origin of Species” in 1859.
• Natural Selection described as survival of the fittest, where fitness refers to the ability to survive and reproduce. 
• • Variation those organisms with heritable traits better suited to the environment will reach maturity and survive
• • Overproduction more organisms are produced can actually survive
• • Survival of the Fittest according to Darwin, “those most responsive to change are the strongest species that survives”
• • Heritability changes in the organisms brought by the environment will be inherited by their offspring
• • Freudian Revolution

  Viewed as the discovery of a way of locating the mind’s objective entities which can be studied like physical things
• • Sigmund Freud’s books became the hallmark of psychoanalysis.
• Internal Conflict - the conflict between basic desires (ID), morality and being a good person (Superego), and consciousness (Ego).
• • Id - Instinct to destroy and survive (“I want to do that!”)