the heart

• What is the circulatory system also called?

  Cardiovascular system
• What is the main function of the circulatory system?

  To transport substances around the body
• What organs make up the circulatory system?

  Heart, blood vessels, and blood
• What does blood carry in the circulatory system?

  Oxygen, nutrients, cells, and waste products
• What is the role of blood vessels in the circulatory system?

  To hold and direct blood around the body
• What is the function of the heart in the circulatory system?

  To pump blood and ensure flow
• What are the two circuits in a double circulatory system?

  Pulmonary circuit and systemic circuit
• What happens in the pulmonary circuit?

  Blood flows from the heart to the lungs
• What happens in the systemic circuit?

  Blood flows from the heart to body tissues
• How does blood flow through the heart?

  From atria to ventricles, then to vessels
• What are the names of the heart's chambers?

  Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
• What are the atrioventricular valves' function?

  To ensure blood flows in one direction
• How should the heart be oriented in diagrams?

  As if viewed from another person's perspective
• Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle?

  It pumps blood around the entire body
• What is the body's largest vein?

  Vena cava
• What happens to deoxygenated blood in the right atrium?

  It fills and is pumped into the right ventricle
• What does the pulmonary artery do?

  It carries blood to the lungs for oxygenation
• What carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

  Pulmonary vein
• What happens in the left atrium?

  It contracts and pumps blood into the left ventricle
• What is the aorta's function?

  To carry blood from the heart to the body
• What is the role of coronary arteries?

  To supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle
• What can happen if coronary arteries get blocked?

  It can lead to coronary artery disease
• What is the process of blood circulation in the body?

  1. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium via vena cava.
  2. Blood moves to the right ventricle.
  3. Blood is pumped to the lungs via pulmonary artery.
  4. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium via pulmonary vein.
  5. Blood moves to the left ventricle.
  6. Blood is pumped to the body via aorta.
  7. Cycle repeats.
• What are the differences between the pulmonary and systemic circuits?

  • Pulmonary circuit:
  • Carries deoxygenated blood to lungs
  • Returns oxygenated blood to heart
  • Systemic circuit:
  • Carries oxygenated blood to body tissues
  • Returns deoxygenated blood to heart
• What are the key features of the heart's structure?

  • Four chambers: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
  • Atrioventricular valves ensure unidirectional blood flow
  • Left ventricle has thicker muscular wall than right ventricle
• What are the consequences of blocked coronary arteries?

  • Reduced blood supply to heart muscle
  • Risk of coronary artery disease
  • Potential for heart attack
• What is the largest artery in the body?

  Aorta
• From the hearts right to left, name the four vessels in order

  • Vena cava

  • Pulmonary artery

  • Pulmonary vein

  • Aorta