respiration

• You need energy to keep your body going. Energy comes from food, and it's transferred by respiration.
• • Respiration is the process that releases energy from glucose (a type of sugar).
  • It goes on in every cell in the body.
  • some of the energy is transferred by heat
• There are two types of respiration, aerobic and anaerobic.

  • Energy is released from glucose either in the presence of oxygen (aerobic respiration) or the absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration)
  • The reactions result in the production of carbon dioxide and water as waste products
  • Energy is transferred in the form of ATP

  
• Aerobic Respiration Needs Plenty of Oxygen

  1. Aerobic respiration is what happens when there's plenty of oxygen available.
  2. Aerobic just means "with oxygen" and it's the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose. It produces lots of ATP - 32 molecules per molecule of glucose.
  3. This is the type of respiration that you're using most of the time.

  
• 1. ATP is composed of an organic molecule called adenosine attached to three phosphate groups. In a cell, ATP can be broken down losing one phosphate group and forming adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
  2. When this reaction takes place, chemical energy is released and can be used to drive metabolic processes that need it.
  3. During respiration the opposite happens - energy from the oxidation of glucose is used to drive the reverse reaction and a phosphate is added onto ADP

  
• 1. The energy transferred by respiration can't be used directly by cells - so it's used to make a substance called ATP. ATP stores the energy needed for many cell processes.
  2. When a cell needs energy, ATP molecules are broken down and energy is released.

  
• WORD EQUATION FOR AEROBIC RESPIRATION: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water (+ energy)

  
• BALANCED CHEMICAL EQUATION FOR AEROBIC RESPIRATION:

  A) C6H12O6

  B) 6CO2

  
• ● Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria.

  ● Anaerobic respiration takes place in the cytoplasm.