MODULE 1

• Intermolecular force 


  matter have different orientation of particles depending on the nature of ____ present between each particle of matter
• Intermolecular force


  is a force that hold individual particle such as atoms, molecule or ions together
• strong


  Intramolecular forces
• weaker 


  intermolecular force
• Kinetic Molecular model


  phase at which any substance may exist depends on the intermolecular forces and predominance of the kinetic energy of the particles
• temperature


  the kinetic energy that keeps particles moving depends upon ___
• faster the particles movement


  the higher temperature =
• intermolecular forces, predominance of the kinetic energies


  the phase at which any substance may exist depends on the ____ and ___ of the particle
• temperature


  __ affect the amount of kinetic energy of molecules, therefore affecting their movement
• expand


  particles __ upon heating
• contract


  particles ___ upon cooling
• required amount of energy to overcome 


  he stronger the IMF the greater is the ____
• solid, liquid, gas


  sequence of matter if you add energy
• gas, liquid, solid


  sequence if you remove energy
• London Dispersion Force, Ion-dipole interaction, Dipole-dipole interaction, Hydrogen bonding


  what are the types of IMF
• dipole moment


  occur when there’s a separation of charge
• dipole moment


  arise from differences in electronegativity
• Dipole moment 


  they can occur between two ions in an ionic bond or between atoms i a covalent bond
• polar molecules


  is a chemical species in which the distribution of electrons between covalently bonded atoms is not even
• nonpolar molecules


  completely symmetric, has even distribution of electrons around molecule. The dipole moment vectors will cancel each other out, making the molecule ___
• Electronegativity


  is a measure of an atom’s ability to attract shared atoms to itself.
• left to right, you move down a group


  On the periodic table, electronegativity generally increases as you move from ____ across a period and decreases as
• polar


  there are different terminal atoms
• polar


  there is/are lone pair/s around central atom
• london dispersion forces, temporary dipole


  weakest among intermolecular forces in a nonpolar molecule create __
• polarizability


  tendency to create temporary dipole is called ____
• Ion-dipole interaction


  arises from the interaction between ion (cation and anion) and a polar molecule
• dipole-dipole interaction


  imf exhibited by polar molecule in which positive end attracts the negative end of another polar molecule
• Hydrogen bonding 


  a special kind of dipole-dipole interactionwith the involvement of hydrogen.
• Hydrogen bonding


  also important in holding together the complimentary nitrogenous bases in DNA as well as the formation of protein structure
• viscosity


  refers to the measure of liquid’s resistance to flow
• strong IMF


  highly viscous means __
• Surface tension


  amount of resistance needed to increase the surface area of liquids
• vapor pressure


  pressure of vapor (gas) present at equilibrium
• weak IMF


  high vapor pressure means
• lower vapor pressure


  high IMF in liquids
• boiling point


  a liquid boils when its vapor pressure is equal to the prevailing atmospheric pressure
• 101 325 Pa.


  boiling point of liquid is equal to the standard pressure of
• Melting point (freezing point)


  is the temperature at which solid and liquid ohases coexist in a equilibrium
• Sublimation


  some solids vaporize at atmospheric pressure without passing through the liquid state