Introduction and History of Computers

avatar
Created by
Mandawe, Ryan

Cards (16)

  • A computer is normally considered as calculating machine that can perform arithmetic operation at a very high speed.
  • User - Someone that communicates with a computer
  • Data - A collection of raw facts and figures is called data. It may consist of numbers, characters, symbols etc
  • Information - Processed data
  • Information is data that is organized, meaningful, and useful.
  • Information technology is the use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information
  • HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
    1. Mechanical Computers (1600-1900)
    • Abacus
    • Slide Rule
    • Pascal Calculator
    1. Electronic Computers (1937-1953)
     
    Generations 
    1. First Generation (46-56)
    • Vacuum Tubes
    • 2000-1600 add/sec.
    • 100-2k KB
    1. Second Generation (59-65)
    • Transistors
    • Smaller, faster, reliable
    • 6k-300k operation/sec
    • 6 KB-1.3 MB
    1. Third Generation (65-72)
    • Integrated circuits
    • 100K to 400 M  operations/sec
    1. Fourth Generation (72-Present)
    • Microprocessor
    • 500K-1B operations/sec
  • Types of Digital Computers: Supercomputers, Mainframe Computers, Mini Computers, Micro Computers
  • A supercomputer is a computer with a high-level computational capacity compared toageneral-purpose computer.
  • Supercomputers uses thousands of processor at a same time. It is used for nuclear simulation , oil weapon weather forecasting, scientific and gas exploration or in large companies.
  • Mainframes are huge computers that could fill an entire room or even a whole floor. It uses for online data storage.
  • Subtypes of Mini Computers: Workstations like desktop, Servers optimized to provide services to other computers over a network
  • Types of Microcomputers: Desktop, Laptop, Palmtop
  • Laptop - also called notebooks, portable computers
  • Palmtop - known as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), often use flash memory
    1. ADSL - Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
    2. CAD - Computer-Aided Design
    3. CPU - Central Processing Unit
    4. FTP - File Transfer Protocol
    5. GIF - Graphics Interchange Format
    6. HTML - Hyper-Text Markup Language
    7. ISP - Internet Service Provider
    8. LAN - Local Area Network
    9. PDF - Portable Document Format
    10. RAM - Random Access Memory
    11. ROM - Read-Only Memory
    12. SAAS - Software as a Service
    13. SEO - Search Engine Optimization
    14. SSL - Secure Sockets Layer
    15. URL - Uniform Resource Locator
    16. WEP - Wired Equivalent Privacy
    17. Wi-Fi - Wireless Fidelity
    18. WPA - Wi-Fi Protected Access