Exercise 3.1

• Division of Red Algae Rhodophyta

  Rhodophyta
• Class of Red Algae

  Rhodophyceae
• Division of Dinoflagellates

  Pyrrophyta
• Division of Diatoms

  Chrysophyta
• Division of True Brown Algae

  Phaeophyta
• Divisions of Green Algae

  Euglenophyta and Chlorophyta
• Triphasic Life Cycle

  gametophyte (n) ; carpospophyte (2n) ; tetrasporophyte (2n)
• Haplontic or Zygotic Life Cycle

  Vegetative phase (predominant) ; haploid ; zygote germination (meiosis)
• Diplontic or Gametic Life Cycle


  single predominant vegetative diploid phase ; haploid gametes (meiosis)
• Diplohaplontic Life Cycle

  alternate between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte phase ; gametes (gametophyte : mitosis) ; spores (sporophyte : meiosis)
• Subclass of Rhodopyceae

  Bangiophycidae and Florideophycidae
• Porphyridium cruentum


  Subclass: Bangiophycidae

  Order: Porphyridiales

  Family: Porphyridiaceae

  
  

  Represents Unicellular Red Algae
• Porphyra sp.


  Sublcass: Bangiophycidae

  Order: Bangiales

  Family: Bangiaceae
• Composopogon caeruleus


  Subclass: Bangiophycidae

  Order: Compsopogonales

  Family: Comsopogonaceae

  
  

  Represents: Filamentous Red Algae
• Galaxaura sp.


  Subclass: Florideophycidae

  Order: Nemaliales

  Family: Galaxauraceae
• Gracilaria sp.


  Subclass; Flordeophycidae

  Order: Gracilariales

  Family: Gracilariaceae
• Eucheuma sp.


  Subclass: Florideophycidae

  Order: Gigartinales

  Family: Solieriaceae
• Polysiphonia sp.


  Subclass: Florideophycidae

  Order: Ceramiales

  Family: Rhodomelaceae
• Dinoflagellates


  Unicellular ; biflagellated (vegetative cells) ; flagella (inserted anteriorly laterally)
• Division of dinoflagellates

  Pyrrhophyta
• Class of dinoflagellates that has apically inserted flagella


  Desmophyceae
• Class of dinoflagellates that has laterally (median) inserted flagella


  Dinophyceae
• Where the flagella is inserted

  cingulum and sulcus (longitudinal oriented groove)
• Sexual reproduction of dinoflagellates

  Isogamy or Anisogamy
• Representative species of dinoflagellates

  Pyrodinium bahamense, Prorocentrum, Ceratium
• Diatoms are classified under what division and class

  Division: Chrysophyta

  Class: Bacillariophyceae
• Cell walls of diatoms

  frustules or shell
• Two symmetry of valves faces of diatoms

  centric (radial) and pennate (bilateral) diatoms
• Reproduction of diatoms

  sample longitudinal division
• What give rise to the vegetative cells of diatoms

  rejuvinescent cells or auxospores
• Sexual means of reproduction of diatoms that involves fusion of non-motile gametes either by isogamy, anisogamy or oogamy

  auxospore formation
• Diatoms representative species


  Cyclotella, Synedra, Navicula
• largest group of algae which grows in shallow waters and on

  rocky shores

  Brown Algae
• pigments responsible for the shades of brown-yellow, green-brown to dark brow

  Dominant Pigment: xanthophylls – fucoxanthin.

  Others: carotenoids and phaeophycean tannins
• What is the class and 3 subclasses of Phaeophytes (group)

  Class: Phaeophyceae

  Subclasses:

  • Isogeneratae (diplohaplontic life cycle ; isomrophic alternation of generation)
  • Heterogenerate (diplohaplontic life cycle ; heteromorphic alternation of generation)
  • Cyclosporae (diplontic life cycle ; no alternation of generation)
• Representative species of Phaeophyta


  Fucus, Sargassum, Ectocarpus, Laminaria, Hydroclathrus, Padina jamaicensis (white scroll algae)
• Chlorophylls contained by green algae


  chlorophyll a and b
• Two distinct green algae groups that resemble higher plants

  Chlorophytes and Charophytes
• Division Chlorophyta

  Prasinophytes: Pyramimonas and Tetraselmis

  Ulvophyceae: Ulva and Acetabularia

  Chlorophyceae: Chlamydomonas and Volvox

  Trebouxiophyceae: Chlorella

  scaly green flagellates; most live in marine water
• Group Chlorophyceae


  clear green color, with chlorophyll being masked or altered little to none by other pigments