Water Regulation

• What are the main ways the body gains water?

  Through food and beverages
• What are the main ways the body loses water?

  Through sweating, breathing, and urination
• Which organ is primarily responsible for controlling water loss from the body?

  The kidneys
• In what form do the kidneys remove water from the body?

  As urine
• Why are the kidneys essential for fluid balance?

  They regulate water reabsorption and loss
• What process allows water to move in and out of cells?

  Osmosis
• What is osmosis?

  Movement of water across a membrane
• How does osmosis affect cells when there is too much water in the body?

  Cells swell and may burst
• How does osmosis affect cells when there is too little water in the body?

  Cells shrink and become dehydrated
• Why is it important to maintain water levels within a narrow range in the body?

  To prevent damage to cells and ensure function
• What part of the brain monitors water levels in the blood?

  The hypothalamus
• What hormone does the hypothalamus use to help regulate water levels?

  ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
• How does ADH help with water regulation in the kidneys?

  It increases kidney tubule permeability
• What happens to ADH levels when the body is dehydrated?

  ADH levels increase to retain water
• What happens to ADH levels when the body has excess water?

  ADH levels decrease, increasing urine output