Health, Wellness and Illness

• Health - Presence or absence of disease; complete physical, mental, social well-being.
• Wellness - state of well-being
• Dimensions of Wellness

  Environmental, Social, Emotional, Physical, Spiritual, Intellectual and Occupational
• Physical Dimension


  Ability to carry out daily tasks, Achieve fitness, Maintain nutrition, and Avoid abuses
• Social Dimension


  Interact successfully, Develop and maintain intimacy, Develop respect and tolerance for others
• Emotional Dimension


  Ability to manage stress, Ability to express emotion, etc..
• Intellectual Dimension


  Ability to learn, Ability to use information effectively, Encompasses cognitive abilities, educational background and past experiences.
• Spiritual Dimension


  Belief in some force that serves to unite
• Occupational Dimension


  Ability to achieve balance between work and leisure.
• Environmental Dimension


  Ability to promote health measure that improves standard of living and quality of life.
• Models of Health

  Clinical, Role Performance, Adaptive, Eudemonistic, Agent-Host Environment, Health-Illness Continuum
• Clinical Mode


  Provides the narrowest interpretation of health; State of not being sick
• Role Performance Model


  Ability to fulfill societal roles; Healthy even if clinically ill if roles fulfilled
• Adaptive Model


  Creative process; Disease is a failure in adaptation or maladaptation; Focus is stability
• Eudemonistic Model


  Comprehensive view of health; Condition of actualization or realization of a person's potential
• Agent-Host-Environment Model


  Each factor constantly interacts with the other; When in balance, health is maintained.
• Health-Illness Continuum


  Measure person's perceived level of wellness.
• Internal Variables

  Biological, Psychologic, Cognitive Dimension
• External Variables

  Physical Environment, Standards of Living, Family and Cultural Beliefs, Social Support Networks
• Illness - refers to the individual's perceptions and behavior in response being ill
• Sickness - refers to a state of social dysfunction
• Disease - without ease, the opposite if ease-when something is wrong with bodily function.
• Acute Illness - Characterized by severe symptoms of relatively short duration; Symptoms often appear abruptly, subside quickly
• Chronic Illness - Lasts for an extended period; Usually has a slow onset
• Stages of Illness Behavior

  Symptom Experience (I) - The person is aware that "something is wrong". A person usually recognizes change such as pain, a rash or a limitation in functioning but does not suspect a specific diagnosis.
• Stages of Illness Behavior

  Assumption of the Sick Role (II) - If symptoms persist and become severe, clients assume the sick role
• Stages of Illness Behavior

  Medical Care Contact (III) - If symptoms persist despite the home remedies, become severe, or require emergency care, the person is motivated to seek professional health services.
• Stages of Illness Behavior

  Dependent Client Role (IV) - The client depends on health care professionals for the relief of symptoms. The client accepts care, sympathy and protection.
• Stages of illness behavior

  Recovery and Rehabilitation (V) - This stage can be full recovery. In the case of chronic illness, the final stage may involve in an adjustment to a prolonged reduction in health and functioning.