The use of railroads and trains to transport cargo.
Water Transportation - Practice of transport passengers and cargo through waterways.
Waterways are navigable bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, and canals.
River
Natural stream of water, usually freshwater, flowing toward ocean, lake, or another stream.
Eg: Pasig River links Laguna de Bay into Manila Bay
Canals
Require artificial waterways made for irrigation, navigation, or both.
Transport here requires lots of capital invest in construction and maintenance of its track.
Seas
Part of ocean partially enclosed by land.
Smaller than oceans and usually located where land and ocean meet.
Ocean
Entire body of salt water covers more than 70% of earth's surface.
Lakes
Can either be natural like rivers or artificial like canals.
Generally found in mountainous areas.
Many are artificial and constructed for industrial or agricultural use, hydro-electric power generation, or for dome water supply
Water Transpo.
River
Canals
Lakes
Seas
Ocean
Water Transpo. Infras.
Port
Harbor
Marina
Pier
Dock
Vessels
Ports
Facility receiving ships and transferring cargo. Usually found at edge of ocean, sea, river, lake.
Harbor
Place where ships shelter from weather or are stored.
Marina
Sheltered harbor where boats and yachts kept in water and where services geared to needs of recreational boating are found.
Differs from port because it not handle large passenger ships or cargo from freighters.
Pier
Raised walkway over the water, supported by widely spread piles or pillars.
Dock
Body of water taken by a vessel when tied to a manmade structure (pier, wharf, float, etc.)
Group of structures involved in handling of boats or ships usually on or close to shore.
2 Types of Water Transpo: Boats and Ships
Ships
Cargo
PassengerVessels
Special Purpose Vessels
Boats
Watercraft designed to float, work, or travel on water.
Naval terms = small vessel to be carried another ship.
Comes in variety shapes, sizes, and construction methods due to their intended purpose, available materials, or local traditions.
3 Types of Boats
Unpowered or Human-Powered Boats
Sailboats
Motorboats
Unpowered or Human-Powered Boats
Propelled by using human power.
Sailboats
Propelled solely by means of a sail.
A sail is piece of canvas or other fabric extended on rigging to catch the wind and propel vessel.
Motorboats
Powerboats propelled by internal combustion or electric engine.
Range in size from miniature craft designed to carry 1 person to seagoing vessels of 100 feet or more.
Ships
Large buoyant watercraft.
Distinguished from boats based on size, shape, and cargo or passenger capacity.
Used on lakes, seas, rivers, and oceans for a variety of activities, such as the transport of people or goods, fishing, entertainment, public safety, and warfare.
2 Types of Cargo: Dry and Wet
Dry Cargo
Used to carry solid dry goods such as metal ores, coal, steel products, forest products, etc.
Have a higher tolerance to heat and cold.
These vessels are equipped with on-deck cranes and other mechanisms for loading and unloading goods.
Types of Dry Cargo
Barge
Bulk Carriers
Container Ships
Reefer Ships
Costal Trading Vessels
Barge
Flat-bottomed boat, mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods. Most are not self-propelled and need to be towed by tugboats or pushed by towboats.
Bulk Carriers
Used to transport bulk cargo items such as ore, coal, cement, food staples, etc. It can be recognized by the large box-like hatches on its deck, designed to slide outboard for loading.
Container Ships
Containerization is technique to carry entire load in truck-size containers.
Primarily used for the transportation of non-bulk cargo, generally manufactured goods in truck-size intermodal containers.
Informally known as "box boats," they carry approximately 90% of the world’s non-bulk cargo.
Reefer Ships
Typically used to transport perishable commodities which require temperature-controlled transportation.
Coastal Trading Vessels
Aka coasters, are shallow-hulled ships used for trade between locations on the same island or continent.
Their shallow hulls (main body of the ship) mean can get through reefs.
Liquid Cargo
Carry cargo in liquid form.
Possible cargoes are crude oil, oil products, wine, and chemical substances.
Type of Liquid Cargo
Tankers
Tankers
Transport of fluids, such as crude oil, petroleum products, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, and chemicals, also vegetable oils, wine, and other food.
This sector comprises one-third of the world's tonnage.