media: the selection and presentation of the news

Created by

Rob

Cards (102)

what do owners do?
owners direct instructions to editors
how do owners influence resources make available to cover news stories?
allocate resources for reporters to peruseca story or whether reporters of TV camera crew in different countries
what do journalists and editors depend on?
careers not upsetting owners. lead to editors + journalists adopting self censorship whereby will avoid reporting some events of reporting them in a way they risk offending owners out directly challenging political preferences
what are owners concerned with?
search for profit and desire attract large audiences in increasingly competitive global environment means news and info squeezed out pr turned into bland 'infotainment
what does this desire for profit also encourage?
development of media culture - unethical journalistic practices can thrive. illegal hacking into phones, invasion of privacy, bribery + use of intrusive paparazzi to gain photos of celeb and other famous ppl
what are examples of this bland infotainment? (Harry and meghan)
harry + meghan - phones hacked by mirror. mail on Sunday, published private letter to mefhan from dad. daily mail published harry + Meghan's address + paparazzi flew drones over house in uSA
what are examples of this bland infotainment? (Britney spears)
paparazzi outsider courtroom as he loses custardy battle. holiday in Hawaii w/ boyfriend. paparazzi circles Britney getting out car - nearly drops baby.
what does Bagdikian argue about media 'making a profit'?
suggests importance of advertising means news reports created in such a way to avoid offending advertisers w/ stories watered down or killed off altogether
what does curran argue about media 'making a profit'?
to attract higher no of consumers news stories need appeal to everyone and offend no one - unless offends few but attracts more are consumers
what does this lead to?
conservatism in media - minority views not presented. media tries avoid too much criticism of society organised in case offends media audiences.
what does this help maintain?
hegemony of dominant ideas in society. pressure attract audiences in increasingly competitive media market so attract audiences also lead to dumbing down or tabloidisation of news content w/ hard news journalism
what does the pressure to attract audiences in a competitive media market lead to?
lead to dumbing down or tabloidisation of news content w/ hard news journalism is replaced by humans interest and celebrity stories
what do Barnett and Caber argue?
such pressures lead to less critical approach to reporting politics
what does there competitive news market mean?
news market very competitive and globalisation means mass of news providers around globe to choose from. NM means news instantly available anywhere in world, 24/7. Mainstream news can no longer rely on attention of audiences once have done.
what do news providers have to in the global media market?
in global market, news providers compete to survive. Crucial for companies to be r up to date, + to tailor media offering + the news presented to audience. Readers are attracted + retained through short, simple, snappy, news reports.
what are a few effects of NM?
NM tech transformed news business creating more opp for citizen journalism. NM ordinary people more involved in collecting, reporting + spreading news stories + info w/minimal costs.
what do Philo + berry argue about biased reporting
P + B from GMG (2011) British coverage of Palestinian Israeli conflict relied on official Israeli perspectives, media focused on Palestinian militants + ignored assassination by Israeli forces
what is machsom watch/
a women's organisation that help monitor human rights of Palestinians
what Ashuri find about citizen journalism overcoming bias through the study of machsom watch?
CJ can overcome bias - In her study of Machsom watch showed how group offered alt views through own reports, videos + photos on website.
what are the aims of Machsom watch? 
reach all places in Israeli occupied territories

documenting what they see, heard, understand

account reality off occupation - publicise + pass to unknowing Israeli public (rest of world
what does Bivens argue about citizen journalism in terms of accountability? 
CJ makes ppl more accountable for actions. News uploaded attracts large audience in world who share this and make it go viral. can be used by mainstream media e.g. Arab spring
what does Bivens argue about citizen journalism in terms of news reporting ?
suggests CJ through mobile phone pictures + video at scene of news events + audiences blogging + creating news through social media led to transformation of news reporting. NM, corruption -politicians, celebs, police + private institutions.
what was the Arab spring?
anti gov protests - uprisings/armed rebellions across Arab world in early 2010's. Tunisia - economic stagnation in 2011
what countries were saffected/rose up?
Tunisia - economic stagnation in 2011. Spread to Libya, Yemen, Syria + Bahrain. Tunisia - rulers disposed of in 2011 and libya + Egypt + Yemen 2012
where did other demonstrations and minor protests take place?
demonstrations - Morocco, Iraq, Algeria, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman + Sudan

minor protests - Djibouti, Mauritania, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Western Sahara
hope is the George Floyd reporting an example of citizen journalism?
passers by filming video of huis murder by police - Derek Chauvin 22.5 yrs prison. Darnella Fraser award for CJ
how does citizen journalism scrutinise the instrumentalist (owners control news content)/hegemonic(journalists set news agenda) approaches?
CJ challenges dominant ideology so audience in control of media - news content. alt news - expose corruption of mainstream news
what does Thussu argue about globalisation in the media?
globalisation of TV and global competition between media conglomerates lead to TV becoming tabloidised into global infotainment. Comes w/ feel good factor on western consumerist lifestyles
what is the role of global infotainment accord to Thussu?
diverting attention of ppl away from serious issues e.g war + global inequality. Global news lull ppl into uncritical state of passivity, making them less likely challenge dominant ideals.
how does thus link to holllywoodisation/electronic colonialism?
spread of American capitalist/western values - consumerism/wealth. Harry +meghan, Britney
what would Neo philliacs argue?
non dominant ideology in news. Internet means audience can access plurality of political views. global news brings nations together - diminishes differences
what would cultural pessimists Putnam, Harvey and Kellner argue?
Putnam - global tabloidised news 'li;;ing off' national local news. Kellner - news leads to 'sameness' Harvey - candy floss culture.
what is the rise of alternative news?
Charlie Brooke's newswipe, citizen journalism on social media.
what does Charlie Brooke's newswipe show us about the news?
its sensationalist, negative and creates fear. Acid house music, swine flu, aids, football hooligans, eggs, ecstasy, road rage, millennium bug, terrorisim. All hyperreal - diabetes kills more ppl than terrorism yearly.
how will the rise of alternative new impact on audiences
greater range of political views = greater democracy + alternative news exposes mainstream news = more rational
what do people expect from then news
People expect able to access up-to-date news all times + wherever they are, through mobile phones, tablets +laptops, or computers at home or work.
how do social media sites influence spread of global news?
Social media sites e.g. Facebook, Twitter + YouTube now increasingly used spread news globally, and to shape the reaction of others to them through commentaries.
how is twitter an example of this?
Twitter,316 million monthly active users + sees around 500 million tweets a day (2015), each tweet maximum of 140 characters to break new single tweet can result in reports in mainstream news bulletins in a very short time.
how has the intensity of news changed?
news reporting becoming rolling breaking news, with digital news programmes and websites running constantly changing bulletins all day long.
what do these changes do?
put org pressure on news media + media organisations as have little alt to respond to changed situation, + journalists now often produce material first for web, rather than for newspapers or TV.