Chemistry (Ionic Bond

• Metals tend to lose electrons to form positively charged ions (cations), while non-metals tend to gain electrons to form negatively charged ions (anions).
• An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed by the transfer of one or more electrons from the outer shell of a metal atom to the outer shell of a non- metal atom.
• Atoms undergo ionic bonds to become more stable. Basically, atoms lose or gain electrons in order to fulfill the octet rule and have full outer valence electron shells.
• The octet rule is a chemical rule that states that atoms are more stable, when they have 8 electrons in their outer shell; giving the atom the same electronic configuration as a noble gas.
• Atoms are neutral because they have an equal amount of positive protons and negative electrons, so the charges cancel out.
• The metal atom as it loses electrons becomes a positive ion or cation.
• The non- metal atom as it gains electrons becomes a negative ion or an anion. 
• An ion is a charged particle formed when an atom loses or gains one or more electrons.
• Binary Compounds are compounds that contain two elements that are not on the same side of the periodic table.
• Valence number is the number of electrons an atom has to lose, gain or share during ionic bonding. Valence number is related to the position of elements on the periodic table
• Groups are the vertical columns on the periodic table and periods are the horizontal rows
• Valence number having a positive charge means, how many electrons the element loses and the negative charge means how many electrons the element gains.
• Properties of Ionic Compounds

  1. Ionic compounds are soluble in water because the water causes the negative and positive charges to be broken.
  2. Ionic crystals have high melting points and requires a large amounts of heat because the atoms are strongly attached.
  3. Ionic compounds are generally hard but brittle because the repulsive forces between the liked charged ions cause the crystal to shatter.
  4. Ionic compounds conduct electrical currents when melted or dissovled in water because the positive and negative ions are free to move and carry electric current.