Hormonal control of reproduction

• Label the diagram:

  A) FSH

  B) LH

  
• Label the diagram:

  A) oestrogen

  B) progesterone

  
• Changes in the ovary during the menstrual cycle are

  Follicle develops

  Ovulation occurs

  Corpus luteum forms

  Progesterone is produced

  Corpus luteum degenerates
• the stimulating hormone in ovulation is

  FSH
• the inhibiting hormone in ovulation is

  oestrogen
• Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in males?

  Promotes sperm production
• The following events occur during the menstrual cycle.

  Oestrogen from follicle stimulates repair of the endometrium

  Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates follicle to mature

  Follicle develops into a corpus luteum

  Corpus luteum secretes progesterone
• LH is produced by the pituitary
• Progesterone targets the endometrium
• Oestrogen is produced by the follicle
• progesterone is produced day 16-30 of the cycle
• LH is produced by the ovary
• On which day in the following menstrual cycle could fertilisation occur?

  Day 17
• The diagram represents connections between parts of the male reproductive system. Which arrow in the diagram does not represent a male reproductive hormone?

  A
• How many days after ovulation is menstruation most likely to occur?

  15
• what hormone is produced by the pituitary gland on testosterone production

  Interstitial cell stimulating hormone
• Which of the following changes indicate ovulation is likely to have taken place?

  cervical mucus becomes watery and body temperatures rise
• Ovulation occurs on day 15 of this cycle. Describe the role of oestrogen in triggering this event.

  Oestrogen triggers the release of LH.
• Suggest one way in which the graph for the next menstrual cycle would differ from this one if the woman became pregnant during that cycle.

  High levels of ovarian hormones

  Cause a negative feedback effect on the pituitary gland.

  So concentrations pituitary hormones fall (so follicles do not develop)
• Oestrogen stimulates thickening of the endometrium. Describe evidence from the graph which indicates that another factor also stimulates thickening of the endometrium.

  FSH – causes maturation (of follicle)

  LH – causes development of (corpus luteum)
• What effect does oestrogen have on the following structures?The uterus between days 4 and 12 in the cycle.

  (Causes the) thickening of the endometrium lining.
• What effect does oestrogen have on the following

  structures?

  The pituitary gland on day 12 of the cycle.


  Stimulates LH production / FSH release
• Describe one way in which the graph would be

  different if the woman became pregnant during this

  cycle.

  Progesterone does not decrease
• The diagrams show sections through two structures found in the ovary at different times in the menstrual cycle.

  i. Name structures P and Q.

  P – follicle AND Q – corpus luteum.
• What key event in the menstrual cycle occurs before the follicle develops into the corpus luteum

  Ovulation
• From which structure in the female reproductive system does a corpus luteum develop?

  Follicle.
• State the name of a part of each organ which is affected by FSH.

  follicle , seminiferous tubule / sperm mother cell.
• Describe the effect of testosterone on the testes of an adult.

  Stimulates sperm production.
• State one function of progesterone during early pregnancy.

  maintains the endometrium OR it stops menstruation
• The diagrams show the hormonal control of the testes

  and ovaries by the pituitary gland.

  1. What name is given to this type of hormonal control?

  Negative feedback.
• State an effect of oestrogen on the pituitary gland,

  Stimulates LH production.
• Where in the testes is testosterone produced?

  Interstitial cells.
• State the function of interstitial cells

  Produces testosterone.
• Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) affects the testes.
• State where FSH is produced in the body.

  In the pituitary gland.
• What effect does FSH have on the testes?

  It stimulates the production of sperm.
• Describe how the concentration of testosterone in the blood is prevented from becoming too high.

  A high concentration of testosterone inhibits the production of ICSH.

  Lower concentrations of ICSH result in less production of testosterone.

  This is an example of negative feedback control.
• Name a hormone which is involved in preparing the endometrium for implantation and state where it is produced.

  Oestrogen produce by follicle OR progesterone produced by corpus luteum.
• Describe two ways that the pituitary gland stimulates sperm production in structure

  It releases FSH.

  It releases ICSH which causes interstitial cells to produce testosterone.
• Describe how the pituitary gland stimulates the change in the plasma concentration of oestrogen between days 6 and 14.

  The pituitary gland releases follicle stimulating hormone

  FSH stimulates the follicle / ovary to release oestrogen.