People

• Octavian, Caesar's nephew, took the name Augustus which means "revered one"
• Vespasian began the building of the Roman Colosseum
• Titus completed the Colosseum and ended the first Jewish Revolt
• Domitian built the Arch of Titus and instituted a reign of terror
• Period of the 5 good emperors included Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Septimius Severus, and Antoninus Caracalla
• Antoninus Caracalla implemented the Constitutio Antoniniana, making all free subjects of the Roman Empire full Roman citizens
• Valerian was the first Roman emperor to be captured and held as a prisoner until he died
• Diocletian reformed the government system but eventually disintegrated centralized power in the Roman Empire
• Maxentius and Constantine fought a civil war for control of Rome, with Constantine passing the Edict of Milan for universal and religious toleration
• Constantine moved the capital from Byzantion to Constantinople for trade and economic reasons
• After Caesar Augustus' death, Tiberius stopped voted and the emperors and senate would decide who would succeed them, which led to a lack of choosing the emperor
• • Marcus Aurelius: Philosopher king. Conflicts on the borders of Roman empire forced Marcus to war, even though he was opposed to war. 1st full scale invasion by German Barbarians and persecuted Christians for their refusal to fight. End of the Pax Romana