reproduction (year 7)

• Fertilization is the fusion of the male and female gametes resulting in the formation of a fertilized egg, known as a zygote.
• plants can reproduce in different ways. sexual reproduction asexual reproduction.
• Sexual reproduction miroles pollen from one flower fertilising the egg of another to produce a seed.
• asexual reproduction involves only one parent and the offspring are exact copies. No seeds! asexual reproduction in plants.
• Plants can produce roots from cuttings that are placed in water
• New potato plants grow from stems.
• Plants send out messages that grow into new plants.
• Bulbs split asexually.
• germination pollen on stigma

  
• pollination can occur between two different plants, cross pollinators or between the male and the female parts of the same plant (self pollination)
• There are many ways pollen can be transferred to a stigma.

  • wind
  • insects
  • animals
• gametes are specialised cells that contain half the number of chromosomes of a normal cell
• gametes are specialised cells which serve the function of reproduction (only in plants)
• Male gametes are pollen and female gametes are called ovule
• Pollen and the ovule (fuse) join to make a zygote (fertilised ovule)
• The single celled zygote develops into the embryo inside a seed and the seed will develop into a new plant (organism)
• ovary- where the eggs are stored and released once a month (period)
• vagina- The penis is is put here for sexual intercourse
• womb- The baby grows here
• Cervix- The neck of the womb which connects to the vagina
• Oviduct- Tube connecting the ovary to the uteres. The egg is usually fertilised here.
• testes- produce sperm
• penis- placed in female's vagina during sexual intercourse
• scrotum- sac that holds the testes
• sperm duct- carries sperm out of the body
• in a normal human body there are 46 chromosones. There are two pairs. One from the egg cell and the other, from the sperm cell.
• adolescence is defined as the period between the onset of puberty and adulthood.
• puberty is defined as the phase where a child's physical and sexual characteristics start to mature.
• puberty- the transitional phase between childhood and adulthood is termed as adolescdence
• ejaculation- when sperm cells leave the penis
• enzymes- substances that break down other substances
• ovulation- releasing of the egg from the ovary
• fertilisation- sperm and egg join together.
• zygote a fertilised egg cell.
• embryo- a ball of dividing cells that develop into an organism (foetus).
• cell division- forming a ball of cells
• implantation- egg sinks into the womb wall
• foetus- when the limbs are visible about 8 weeks after fertilisation.
• placenta- supplies nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the baby.
• umbilical cord- links the placenta to the fetus and is where the blood supply comes from.