Imperialism in Africa Study Guide

• What is the sphere of influence?

  A sphere of influence is when a powerful country holds a significant influence over the political, economic, or cultural affairs of other nations.
• What two nations remained independent during the Age of Imperialism?

  Ethiopia and Libera
• What company controls 90% of the world's diamond market?

  Da Beers Diamonds
• What nation separated its population into four classes of people based on race?

  South Africa
• How did Ghanaians "resist" working for their colonial rulers?


  Ghanaians "resisted" working for their colonial rulers
• What is a protectorate?

  A protectorate is when a country protects a state while allowing some control and autonomy of the state.
• What nation took over Congo?

  Belgium
• What two continents did the Suez Canal connect?

  Europe and Asia
• What were some of the leading causes of the Rwandan Genocide?'

  A leading cause of the Rwandan Genocide is the ethnic tension between Hutus and Tutsi.
• What Ethiopian leader was successfully able to fend off European Imperialism?

  Emperor Menelik II
• What natural resources did imperialist nations desire from Africa?

  Ivory, Gold, Diamonds, Metals, Palm Oil, Rubber and Cotton
• What two ethnic groups did the Rwandan Genocide occur between?

  Tutsi and Hutus
• What were the Dutch Afrikaners (farmers) called?

  Boers
• What is Imperialism?

  Imperialism is when a powerful country exerts it's influence over another colony or country.
• When did the Age of Imperialism occur between?

  The Age of Imperialism occurred between 1870 - 1914. (19th Century)
• What two seas did the Suez Canal connect?

  Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea
• What European country colonized Rwanda after World War I?


  Belgian
• What countries had colonies in Africa?

  Italy, Britain, France, Portugal, Germany, Spain and Belgium
• What did colonial officials discourage native people from doing?

  Colonial officials discouraged native people from grouping and revolting against them.
• What nation wanted to control Ethiopia?

  Italy
• What nation took over South Africa first?

  The Dutch
• Where did King Leopold set up his private plantation for rubber plants?

  Congo
• What famous British imperialist started the DeBeers Diamond company and wanted to take over Africa from "Cape Town to Cairo?"

  Cecil Rhodes
• What laws were created under apartheid?

  Native Land Act, which gave only 8% of land to black occupants. Another law that was created under apartheid was the Group Areas Act. Its purpose was to separate everyone by race physically.
• One of imperialism's devastating effects on the African continent is...?

  The amount of mass murders and forced labor that was in Africa.
• Why was Egypt desirable?

  Egypt was desirable due to its resources and the addition of the Suez Canal.
• How did Ghanaians bypass the colonial transportation networks?

  Ghanaians bypassed the colonial transportation system by using trucks to transport their goods
• After being imprisoned for 27 years, what man was elected president of South Africa?


  Nelson Mandela
• In 1884-1885, 14 European nations met in Berlin to discuss the partition of...?


  the splitting of Africa into colonized countries.
• What made Congo desirable?

  It's surplus in rubber and the Congo River.
• Explain two of the laws passed under the system of apartheid.

  Native Land Act, which gave only 8% of land to black occupants. Another law that was created under apartheid was the Group Areas Act. Its purpose was to separate everyone by race physically.
• Big Question: How did the motivations and methods of European colonization in Africa impact indigenous communities, governance structures, and cultural identities?

  The motivations and methods of European colonization in Africa impacted the indigenous communities, governance structures, and cultural identities. Europeans manage to do this through the separation of others based on their ethnicity. This creates issues such as racism and unfair rules and regulations. An example of this is the Rwandan genocide, the Tutsi and Hutus were killing each other due to ethnic tensions. In South Africa, the country faced apartheid which is a system of separate and unequal regulations based on race and looks. The Europeans impacted cultural identities by suppressing local languages, gradients, and customs. Education systems were built and designed by Europeans to promote their values, churches were also segregated.
• What were some of the negative effects of imperialism in Africa? Name a minimum of three examples.


  Some of the negative effects of imperialism in Africa are apartheid in South Africa, the Rwandan Genocide, and the results of King Leopold II's rule. The apartheid was devasting in South Africa because many Africans were mistreated and segregated from beaches to homes due to the Europeans. The Rwandan Genocide was the killing and violence of thousands of Hutus and Tutsi due to the Belgians creating ethical tensions between the Tutsi and Hutus. Furthermore, King Leopold's rule in Congo lead millions of slaves and Africans into forced labor and murder.