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• Social science is the study of human society, relating to human behavior and society as a branch of science
• Society encompasses social, cultural, and political realities, with social disciplines providing unique perspectives to understand society
• Anthropology, derived from Greek words “anthropos” meaning human “logos” meaning study, focuses on humankind in all times and places by examining interconnections and interdependence of human experiences
• Fields of Anthropology include Archaeology, studying human societies through material remains and artifacts, and Cultural Anthropology, exploring the evolutionary process of society and culture
• Linguistic Anthropology focuses on language patterns and the historical development of society's language as a means of communication and preservation of practices and traditions
• Sociology, originating from Latin and Greek words meaning companion study, delves into the behavior of society and social interactions, including social change, sociological research, social organization, social psychology, and population studies
• Political Science, from the Greek word meaning affair of the cities’ citizens, involves the systematic study of government and politics, including political theory, comparative politics, international relations, political behavior, public policy, and public administration
• Culture encompasses various aspects like religion, food, language, and music, being learned, transmitted across generations, and influenced by social interaction, providing a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction
• Characteristics of culture include being ideational, transmitted from one generation to another, and providing a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction
• Classifications of culture according to UNESCO include tangible heritage, intangible heritage, and natural heritage, with the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) in the Philippines promoting these aspects
• Elements of culture include non-material culture like knowledge, norms, folkways, mores, taboos, laws, popular culture, values, and beliefs, as well as material culture like technology
• Unity in diversity is a cultural universal, while ethnocentrism, xenocentrism, culture shock, and cultural relativism are concepts related to cultural understanding and judgment
• Subcultures are small cultures within a larger culture that develop due to culture clashes
• The NCCA in the Philippines actively campaigns for the promotion of Philippine culture and arts, particularly those under grave threat, such as the preservation of "Torre de Manila" and the use of "Po" and "Opo" in Filipino culture